160 JOSEPH HALL BODINE 
we should at least expect to find a much greater temperature 
coefficient for the higher temperatures, since the animals would 
then be most active. ]Much further investigation is necessary, 
however, before any satisfactory conclusions can be drawn. 
d. Effects of starvation. Adult Melanoplus differentialis were 
starved, with water, for 96 to 120 hours and the rates of CO2 
output measured during this period. Some eighty-five speci- 
mens were individually studied and results given are taken from 
selected cases showing typical conditions. Table 6 gives the 
actual amounts of COo given off and also the rate per gram per 
hour for males and females of different weights. 
An examination of this table shows that the actual amount 
of CO2 given off by an animal decreases during successive periods 
of starvation. For example, the male weighing 1.0798 grams, 
at the start gave off 0.000704 gram of CO2, and at the end of 
120 hours of starvation, only 0.00033 gram, a decrease of over 
one-half of the original amount. Since we already know that 
a loss in weight takes place during starvation, it is of interest 
to find that a decrease in the rate of COo output also occurs. 
During the early period of starvation this decrease tends to be 
rather slight and gradual, but at approximately forty-eight to 
seventy-two hours marked drops are noted. This decided 
decrease is doubtless due to the fact that at this time all residual 
food in the intestine has been utilized and body reserves alone 
are being used. Figure 6 shows that males have the higher rate 
of CO2 output and that these decreases are more marked for them. 
This is perhaps closely related to the difference in size between 
the animals of the two sexes. It is evident, then, from these 
results, that in grasshoppers as in other cold-blooded animals, 
frog (Hill, 25), Planaria (Hyman, 26; Child, 19; Allen, 20), 
CO2 output decreases during starvation — at first rather rapidly 
and later reaching a practically constant level up to the time of 
death. 
e. Effects of feeding starved animals. It is a well-known fact 
that in higher forms, including man, ingestion of food after 
starvation results in an increased rate of metabolism. Recently 
Lund (27) has found similar results for Paramecium. Various 
