876 



saw the second fusion of the Ganglion - Anlage ^ with the lateral 

 epiblast. 



With the exception of his discovery of the true origin of certain 

 parts of the cranial ganglia in the Chick. Onodi's work records absolu- 

 tely no other new facts. I will not endeavour to annex this solitary 

 discovery of Onodi's although he himself has furnished a precedent 

 for such a proceeding ^). 



I must however give my account, for it ;contains differences, and 

 the whole is essential to the proper comprehension of other Vertebrate 

 types. I make this latter remark, because the development of cranial 

 and spinal ganglia respectively must be essentially the same or reduc- 

 ible to one type throughout all classes of Vertebrates. 



His^) was the first who considered the cranial ganglia to be pro- 

 ducts of the epiblast independently of the neural plate or central ner- 

 vous system, but His was entirely wrong as to how the ganglia take 

 their origin from the outer layer. At the same time — paradoxical 

 though it may sound — His was nearer, and yet further from the true 

 facts than most observers for with all the incorrect figures of the Gan- 

 glia-Anlagen which he has given, there are two — in two different 

 papers — which are quite correct, though interpreted by Prof. His 

 in the sense of his „Zwischenstrang". Onodi has given no figures to 

 his researches, and therefore I cannot be certain whether or not be 



1) I use the word „Anlage" in preference to the English word „ru- 

 diment", which has a double significance. 



2) In all his work on the sympathetic nervous system although Onodi 

 refers to Balfour's „Elasmobranch Fishes", in which Balfour thought 

 that the sympathetic ganglia arose as ofisprings of the spinal ganglia our 

 author systematically ignores Balfour's later work, the Comparative Em- 

 bryology, Vol. II, — a book, which if not in the possession of every 

 or almost every embryologist, is certainly to be found in every zoological 

 and anatomical laboratory. On page 384, Vol. II, this passage occurs: 

 — „In my account of these (sympathetic) ganglia , it is stated that they 

 were first met with as small masses situated at the ends of short branches 

 of the spinal nerves. More recent investigations have shewn 

 me that the sympathetic ganglia are at first simply 

 swellings on themain b ra n ch e s o f the spinal nervessome 

 way below the ganglia. Subsequently the sympathetic ganglia be- 

 come removed from the main stem of their respective nerves &c". Either 

 Onodi was ignorant of this and other passages on p. 384 of Balfour's 

 Embryology or he wilfully suppressed them. I don't know which of these 

 alternatives Dr. Onodi prefers ! 



3) More especially in „Die Anfänge des peripherischen Nerven- 

 systems". Archiv f. Anat. u. Entwickelungsgesch. 1879. 



