splenectomy in the other twentynine. WinoGrADow (34), Zusas (35) 
and Hrsar and Smon (14) and others, also reported having observed 
reddening and other changes in the Iymph nodes of dogs after splen- 
ectomy but it must be borne in mind that most of the early investi- 
gators had not sufficiently informed themselves on the frequent occur- 
rence of such reddened nodes in dogs from which the spleens had 
not been removed. Hence their observations are of interest here only 
because they confirm the occurrence of red Jymph nodes and the same 
is true regarding tbe finding of supernumerary spleens after splen- 
ectomy. The important thing for my present purpose is that such 
nodes are found leaving the question as to their production by splen- 
ectomy out of the discussion. 
Although stating that hemolymph nodes do not occur in rabbits 
Freytag (9) who was especially interested in the changes produced 
by splenectomy, reported the finding of small splenic Anlagen in 
rabbits three fourths of a centimeter from the hilus of the main spleen, 
which strangely enough he regarded as red lymph nodes which devel- 
oped from preformed Anlagen in consequence of splenectomy and 
bleeding. FREYTAG also concluded that the lymph nodes of rabbits 
become red because they must act vicariously for the spleen in the 
absence of hemolymph nodes which would otherwise do so. 
It is of particular interest in connection with the occurrence of 
hemolymph nodes in dogs that Rıcater (21) who investigated the 
lymph nodes of the horse, bovines, hogs and dogs said nothing whatever 
about the presence of hemolympb nodes in the dog. The same state- 
ment holds for the texts on the dog, guinea pig and rabbit. Moreover, 
Merzporr (17) who made a special study of the lymph nodes of the 
dog emphasized the fact that the mesenterial nodes are frequently so 
pale that they are difficult to see and that no nodes were seen which 
could macroscopically be designated as hemolymph nodes. 
Before continuing this discussion it is well to recall that it has 
been abundantly shown that true hemal nodes are not simply lymph 
nodes which have been modified more or less extensively as a result 
of disturbances of various kinds. They are not in connection with 
the lymphatic system and transition forms in which both the lymphatic 
and vascular systems have common sinuses do not normally exist. 
Hence the injection method is a reliable means of differentiation 
between hemal and lymphatic nodes on the one hand, and between 
the latter and supernumerary spleens on the other, even if it is valuless 
