356 



D WIGHT E. MINNICH 



loop, and finally from d to e, 1| dextral loops. The total amount 

 of turning, or angular deflection, toward the right in this trail is, 

 therefore. If + li or 2| X 360°, while that to the left is ^ + | 

 or f X 360°. 



Since the honey-bee is positively phototropic and in this case 

 the left eye was blackened, the angular deflection toward the 

 right or functional eye is designated as positive ; that toward the 

 left or covered eye, as negative. The algebraic sum of these 



Animal fH"^ wuJIJjlJxaxx. 

 Experiment No. IZ 

 No. of Animal 3 

 Date !5<; 



TimeP3=^' 



Eye black U^^<^ 

 Light 2.* vwc. 

 No. dx. loops \Kj- 1-^=1^--^ 

 No. sn. loops K -y ^- % 

 Trail length, cm. i it 



Fig. 3 Record of bee no. 123 in non-directive light. 



angular deflections will give a result equivalent to the amount 

 of continuous turning required to carry the animal from the start- 

 ing point to the end of its course. Thus, in figure 3, the direction 

 of locomotion at a makes with the direction at e an angle of 2| 

 X 360° - f X 360° or 2\ X 360°. 



Knowing the distance traveled in centimeters and the amount 

 of turning in degrees, the average degrees turned per centimeter 

 is easily computed. Denoting this average deflection, as I shall 

 call it, by D, we have for the trail in figure 3, 



