410 DWIGHT E. MINNICH 



IX. GENERAL SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 



lo Light exerts a kinetic influence upon the honey-bee; that 

 is, it tends to induce activity. In its absence, on the other hand, 

 activity is either greatly reduced or entirely lacking. 



2. Isolated worker bees, in an active condition, exhibit strong 

 positive phototropism when flying or creeping. Temporary 

 suppressions of this response may occur, however. 



3. Normal bees when creeping in non-directive light usually 

 exhibit pronounced asymmetrical responses of constant or varia- 

 ble index. Since essentially the same responses occur in total 

 darkness, they are not fundamentally dependent upon photic 

 stimulation. They are probably, therefore, conditioned largely 

 by internal factors. 



4. Bees with one eye blackened usually loop toward the func- 

 tional eye as they creep toward a source of light. Some indi- 

 viduals are found, however, which display little tendency to loop, 

 and occasionally an animal loops toward the covered eye. In the 

 absence of experience, the tendency to loop toward the functional 

 eye remains a permanent feature of behavior. 



5. In non-directive light, bees with one eye blackened gener- 

 ally circle toward the functional eye, although a number are 



ound which circle more or less toward the covered eye. 



6. Although subject to considerable variation, bees with one 

 eye blackened tend, in general, to circle more toward the func- 

 tional eye in non-directive light of 957 mc. than in one of 24 mc. 

 This tendency may be manifested in : 



a. A lesser amount of turning toward the covered eye in the 

 intense light than in the less intense one. 



h. A greater amount of turning toward the functional eye in the 

 more intense light than in the less intense one. 



7. Since circus movements not only occur in a uniform, non- 

 directive light field, but also vary in amount with the inten- 

 sity of the light, they are produced by continuous unilateral 

 stimulation. 



8. In bees with one eye blackened, the rate of locomotion, 

 . unlike the amount of turning, is not dependent upon the intensity 



of photic stimulation. 



