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divided between the 22nd and 23rd vertebrae and the lower half had 

 been split in the middle. The bones of the left leg had been macer- 

 ated and the left lower end of the spine could not be found. There 

 is not, however , the slightest doubt of the absence of a praesacral 

 vertebra. The odontoid projected some 12 mm above the atlas. Un- 

 fortunately the occipital bone was not found. The thorax was undis- 

 turbed except that the sternum hat been split in the middle. 



My attention was first called to this spine by accidentally noticing 

 that the 1st right rib did not join the sternum just below the clavi- 

 cle, but after a considerable interval. The 6th vertebra has a bifid 

 spine; that of the 7th has a larger knob than the 8th. There is a 

 pair of cervical ribs. The right one measures 3 cm. It probably was 

 once separate, but is now fused both to the body and to the transverse 

 process. It ends free in a sharp point. The left cervical rib, about 

 7 cm long, is connected by joints both with the body and the trans- 

 verse process. The scalenus anticus was attached to its enlarged end 

 which rests on a prominence on the 1st thoracic rib. The cervical 

 rib was crossed by the subclavian artery. The 1st right thoracic rib, 

 measuring about 14 cm, has the general appearance of a 2nd rib, al- 

 though the cervical rib above it is rudimentary. Its costal cartilage 

 reaches the sternum some 5 mm below the clavicular facet and has a 

 broad insertion to the side of the sternum. The 1st thoracic rib on 

 the left is more like a 1st rib, though far from a typical one, and is 

 so placed that its superior surface looks outward rather than upward. 

 It is about 11 cm long and 2,5 cm broad near the front. The carti- 

 laginous insertion on the manubrium extends somewhat higher than 

 that of its fellow, but is in the main symmetrical with it. The 2nd 

 thoracic rib has on both sides the size and shape of a 3rd one. Its 

 cartilage ends, however, at the junction of the manubrium and body 

 of the sternum. The 3rd, 4th and 5th cartilages reach the body of 

 the sternum at the sides. The 6th cartilages reach the lower end of 

 the body and are separated from each other by a median foramen 

 which is completed below by the ends of the 7th cartilages. These 

 evidently met one another, and practically continued the body of the 

 sternum downward. The ensiform cartilage (much injured by the median 

 cut) is a small thin plate coming from behind these cartilages and 

 apparently connected to the body of the sternum by fibrous tissue. 

 There are synovial joints between the cartilages of the 5th and 6th 

 ribs and those of the Gth and 7th on both sides. The 9th is closely 

 connected by fibres to the cartilage above it. The 10th and 11th ribs 

 end free with but a few millimetres of cartilage on their ends. The 

 length of the last ribs is 11,7 cm on the right, and 11,4 cm on the 

 without including the cartilage which had been injured. The sternum 

 itself is peculiar. The length of the manubrium is 7,1 cm and that of 

 the body 7,4 cm. The median section oreveals no subdivisin of either 

 of these pieces. 



The change in the articular processes is between the 1st and 2nd 

 lumbars. The spread of the transverse processes of the lumbar region 

 is pretty nearly the same throughout. The 4th is not a very typical 



