64 FRANKLIN P. MALL 



obtained from hysterectomies, and we believe with Hochstetter 

 that we shall ultimately have to determine what constitutes a 

 normally formed human embryo from specimens obtained in 

 this way. However, even by this method we have found among 

 about 25 specimens 3 markedly pathological ones undergoing 

 abortion. 



The second table includes all specimens that were obtained 

 from the uterus, and the third, all ectopic specimens. Thus, 

 in making a comparison of these three tables it will at once be 

 noted that among the entire 1000 nearly 40 per cent are patho- 

 logical embryos and ova. Of this number, 31 per cent were 

 obtained from the uterus alone while slightly more than 8 per 

 cent were ectopic. The comparative frequency of pathological 

 and normal embryos can be ascertained, however, by comparing 

 them within a given century, or for the whole thousand to- 

 gether. In the uterine specimens about one-third of the ova 

 and embryos are pathological, as compared to two-thirds in 

 the actopic. In other words, pathological specimens are twice 

 as frequent in ectopic as in uterine pregnancy. 



The fourth table includes all the specimens in which there 

 are pronounced localized anomalies. The character of the 

 anomaly is given with the individual specimens which are re- 

 corded in tables 5 and 6. It is interesting to note that these 

 tables show that there are about as many anomalies among the 

 normal as among the pathological specimens, but when these 

 figures are compared with the total of specimens both normal 

 and pathological, it becomes e\ddent that localized anomalies 

 occur about twice as frequently in the pathological as in the 

 normal embryo. Thus, there are 38 locahzed anomalies among 

 396 pathological specimens or about 10 per cent, while the oc- 

 currence of localized anomalies in 604 normal specimens is about 

 6 per cent. The table shows further that the 38 pathological 

 specimens with locahzed anomahes abort in the early part of 

 pregnancy and only one of them (No. 649) grew to a sitting 

 height of 90 mm., that is, about the middle of the fourth month. 



Among the normal embryos, those with localized anomalies 

 usually disappear before the fifth month, there being but one 

 in the sixth, one in the eighth, and four in the tenth month or 



