74 



23) Schwalbe, Lehrbuch der Anatomie des Ohres, Erlangen. 



24) — , Inwiefern ist die menschliche Ohrmuschel ein rudimentäres Organ? 

 Arch. f. Ohrenheilkunde, Bd. 29. 



25) ScHWAUTZE, Handbuch der Ohrenheilkunde, Leipzig 1892. 



26) Tartakoff, Ueber die Muskeln der Ohrmuschel und einige Be- 

 sonderheiten des Ohrknorpels. Arch. f. Anat. u. Phj'siol., Anat. Abt., 

 Bd. 27, Heft 1. 



Nachdruck verboten. 



The so-ealled "AflPenspalte" in the Human (Egyptian) Brain. 



By G. Elliot Smith, Cairo. 

 With 6 Figures. 



Since Cunningham i) conclusively demonstrated the fallacy of the 

 common belief in the identity of the sulcus occipitalis transversus of 

 Ecker (C.'s "ramus occipitalis" of the intraparietal sulcus) in the 

 human brain with the furrow which Rüdinger called "Affeuspalte" in 

 the Apes, it has been commonly supposed that the latter is never (or, 

 at most, very rarely) represented in the brain of the adult Man. The 

 vast amount of writing which has been devoted to the discussion of 

 this supposed distinctive feature of the pithecoid brain and the futile 

 efforts to trace its homologue in the human brain has recently been 

 summarised by Pfister^). 



The whole problem of the interpretation of the sulci on the 

 lateral aspect of the occipital region of the human brain needs disentangl- 

 ing from the mass of erroneous statements and the confusion of 

 nomenclature which enshrouds it. 



The great monographs of Cunningham and Gustaf Retzius 

 contain no adequate account of the lateral aspect of the occipital 

 region in the brain of Man and I am not acquainted with any de- 

 scription of that area, which can he regarded as in any way an 

 accurate presentment of the state of affairs revealed by personal ob- 

 servation. 



Having begun the examination of the Egyptian brain immediately 

 after a prolonged study of that of the Apes, I was immensely sur- 

 prised to find that in a very considerable proportion of these human 

 brains the lateral aspect of the occipital region exhibited a pattern of 



1) The Intraparietal sulcus. Journ, of Anatomy and Physiology, 

 1890, January. 



2) Ueber die occipitale Region, Stuttgart 1899. 



