484 



(130) shows pelvis, left (131) practically none {2). Proximal ureteral 

 isthmus (.V, .->) immediately distal to ureteral pelvis or more distally 

 located. Lumbar spindle (4, 4) may be considered bilaterally double, 

 more pronounced on the right, the proximal spindle (4, 4) being smaller 

 than the distal (i, 4). In the left lumbar segment (131) there is a 

 short narrow constriction which is due to the spiral rotation of the 

 ureter during distension by liquid parafin. Middle ureteral isthmus 

 (5, 5) practically bilaterally symmetrical in size and location. Pelvic 

 spindle, right, two (6' a, 6) small ones: left (6) single large one. Distal 

 ureteral isthmus (7, 7) smaller than the proximal (.9, 3). Left ureter 

 Vith inch longer than right. Nr. 132 (right), 133 (left) man aged 40. 

 Calyces (i, 1) amputated. Pelvis (2, 2) extremely small of round 

 elongated type. Proximal isthmus (5, 3) marked on left (133) but 

 indistinct on right (132). Lumbar spindle (4, 4). Left larger {4)\ 

 right one well defined (4). Middle ureteral isthmus (5, 5) bilaterally 

 symmetrical in dimension and location. Pelvic spindle {6, 6) left (123) 

 larger, right (132) smaller. Distal ureteral isthmus (7, 7) smaller in 

 caliber than the proximal (5, 3) left ureter ^2 i^^ch longer than right. 

 Nr. (134) ureter of young pig. It presents ureteral dilatations (spindles) 

 and constrictions, however, not of much pronounced type as those of 

 erect animals (man, ape). Nr. (135) right 136, female calf (ruminant). 

 This pair of ureters present distinct ureteral dilatations (spindles) and 

 constrictions (isthmuses) however, more irregular in location than those 

 of (man, ape), erect animals. Calyces (7, 1) absent. Pelvis {2, 2) 

 practically absent. Proximal ureteral isthmus (5, 3) indistinct. Lumbar 

 spindle (4, 4), nonsyrametrically located. Middle ureteral isthmus (.">, 5) 

 indistinct, nonsymmetrically located. Pelvic spindle (6\ 6") right large. 

 Distal isthmus (/', 7) smaller caliber than the proximal (,9, 3). Nr. 137 

 (right), 138 (left) sheep (ruminant). A magnifying lens shows distinct 

 ureteral dilatations (spindles) and constrictions (isthmuses). The sheep's 

 ureter presents more uniformity of caliber than any other animals 

 examined, except the rabbit. No. 139 (right), 140 (left) man aged 56. 

 Typical ureters. Calyces (i, 1) amputated. Pelvis (5, 2) of round 

 elongated type found in proximally bifurcated ureters. Proximal ureteral 

 isthmus (.7, .V) well marked but not bilaterally symmetrical in dimen- 

 sions or location. In distending the left ureter (140) with parafin it 

 made its usual one and a half times rotation producing and inter- 

 ruption in the parafin while soft, noted in the lumbar segment. Lumbar 

 spindle (4, 4) well developed especially on the right, bilaterally sym- 

 metrical as to location but not in dimension. Middle isthmus (5, 5) 

 marked bilaterally, unequal in caliber. Pelvic spindle (0', (i) two on 



