440 



C. R. BARDEEN 



of the heart shadow area to body weight gives figures for the 

 heart shadow area slightly too high for the average girl or woman, 

 as we shall point out below in discussing adults. The few young 

 girls I have studied, however, show heart shadow areas corre- 

 sponding perfectly to the standard while the boys show an aver- 

 age excess of 1.1 per cent. 



TABLE 1 



Average percentage of divergence from the standard silhouette area corresponding 



to a given body weight in children 



15-20 K \ 



33-44 lbs / 



21-30 K \ 



45-66 lbs / 



31-40 K \ 



67-88 lbs / 



41-50 K 



89-110 lbs 



Totals 



OBSERVER 



Veith 



Boys, supine 



53 



19 



80 



+ 9.5 



+ 12.5 



+ 9.3 



+ 10.8 



Orphans Sitting 



sitting school boys 



13 



19 



25 



+3.0 



+4.6 



-2.1 



+2.1 



15 



25 



5-5 u 



+5.8 



-0.8 



-1.1 



-2.1 



-0.8 



Bardeen 



Girls sitting Boys sitting Girls sitting 



a L (D 

 o a> o 

 u > C 



-6.7 



-0.1 



-4.2 



-7.1 



-5.1 



fc'-a M 



+0.3 



-2.3 



+7.5 



+1.1 



3-C !:£ 



00 



00 



The average divergence from the standard of the 188 normal 

 men studied by me is —0.1 per cent (table 2). The most note- 

 worthy feature of the divergencies of the sub-groups is that shown 

 by the heavier sub-groups, a decreasing size of the heart silhouette 

 relative to the body weight. This is also shown in the athlete 

 column, the lighter sub-groups with one exception showing 

 relatively large silhouette areas while the heavier sub-groups show 

 smaller relative areas. Among the athletes here tabulated are 

 included men who have taken an active part in strenuous inter- 

 collegiate athletics but we have excluded from the table athletes 

 whose hearts gave clinical evidence of abnormality. The forty- 



