And the “ Great Carolina Marl Bed.” 69 
of 1868, we were informed by a friend, Dr. F. Peyre 
Porcher, that Dr. Ravenel had given the specimen to 
Dr. Pratt, and afterwards by Dr. Pratt himself when 
we told him of it, and that Dr. St. Julien Ravenel had 
been enquiring if we possessed a series of specimens of 
the several geological formations found in the Ash- 
ley Beds. And here it may be proper to state, that it 
was the first time since the war that Dr. Ravenel had 
conversed with us about Marls or geological speci- 
mens. Dr. Pratt said the specimen was given to him 
by Dr. Ravenel, who had analyzed it and found 15 per 
cent. of Phosphate of Lime. Professor Tuomey, as 
before stated, found 16 per cent. years ago in these 
rocks. Dr. Pratt analyzed the specimen obtained 
from Dr. Ravenel, and found 34 per cent., and after- 
wards those placed in his hands by us at the College, 
and found nearly 60 per cent. in them ! 
To continue the history: After SIX WEEKS OF UNA- 
VAILING EXERTIONS, in obtaining means to develop 
these treasures of the Ashley River, and to convince 
the good people of Charleston of the value of the 
discovery, we were obliged to resort to Northern 
cities for aid. Mr. James T. Welsman, of Charleston, 
one of the few who fully appreciated the discovery, 
furnished the necessary funds. Geo. T. Lewis and 
Fredk. Klett, Esqs., two gentlemen of Philadelphia, 
immediately took the matter in hand, rewarded us 
both for our discovery, and furnished the capital for 
the first Phosphate Mining Association,— ‘‘ The 
Charleston, South Carolina, Mining and Manufac- 
turing Company.” The Phosphate-rocks have be- 
