And the “ Great Carolina Marl Bed.” 75 
Many difficulties had to be surmounted; it was a 
new and untried field; thousands of dollars were 
expended before the proper mode of working “ THE 
DIGGINGS”’ could be known. Laborers were scarce, 
and the negro, unaccustomed to such work, accom- 
plished very little towards a day’s task. The best 
time for mining was during the summer or dry season 
of the year, when the white laborer could not with- 
stand the chills and fevers of the season; in a word, 
difficulities and oppositions arose every day and in 
every form. Where the Company expected to keep 
employed one thousand laborers, thirty could not be 
placed. The thing could not be done in a day ; time 
was required to develop and work out the problem. 
And perhaps it was well; for had very great quanti- 
ties of the raw material been suddenly put upon the 
market, a substance new and untried, no one can tell 
what would have been the result. Time was required 
for the manufacturers of fertilizers to test the new 
material. But now that they have done so at the 
North, East, South and West; in England, Scotland, 
Ireland, Germany, France and Spain, the demand for 
the raw material has increased twenty fold. 
The Charleston Mining and Manufacturing Com- 
pany has expended large sums in purchasing lands ; 
and these lands are now valued at millions. One 
hundred and fifty thousand dollars have been paid 
within the past year for buildings, wharves, mills, 
machinery, railroads and locomotives, besides making 
two dividends to the stockholders. The capital of 
this Company is $800,000, to be increased, if desira- 
