PHYSIOLOGY OF THE INVERTEBRATA. 105 



the " liver " ])ignients of certain genera of the Mollnscn, as 

 well as from a large number of other Invertebrates. Among 

 the MoUusca experimented on were — Mj/tiln^^ Odrca, Ano- 

 donta, Cardinm, Unio, Octojjus, Bnccinum, Patella, Hclir. and 

 Zimax. In some Molluscs — sxsFatdla — the "liver" contains 

 enteroha_Mnatin besides enterochlorophyll. It might be 

 suggested in reference to the discovery bv Fredericq of 

 glycogen (CgH,„0..) in the •"liver" of Mi/a that it was pro- 

 duced by the enterochlorophyll present in the organ ; as 

 enterochlorophyll is allied to chlorophyll. But MacMunn 

 (loc. cit., p. 257J states that he has made "various sections of 

 Invertebrate ' livers " obtained from animals feedincj and fast- 

 ing, but never obtained a trace of starch (CVH,„0.) or cellulose 

 with iodine in iodide of potassium. Schulzes fluid, or with 

 iodine and sulphuric acid. These experiments were made 

 on the ' livers " of Hdi.i' asjnrsa, Anodonta ri/gnca. Patella 

 fulgata, (Mren edulis, Mi/tihfs edidiH, Adeicns fluvicddAs, the 

 casca of star fishes, etc. The precautions recommended by 

 Geddes* of previously digesting the tissues in alcohol, and in 

 caustic potash, and neutralising with acetic acid, having been 

 adopted in each case." 



It appears that the " enterochlorophyll occurs dissolved in 

 oil globules, also in granular form, and sometimes dissolved 

 in the protoplasm of the secreting cells of the ' liver." " The 

 probable function of this and other pigments will be alluded 

 to in a subsequent chapter. 



The Gasteropoda. 



The secretion of the salivary glands of Hrli.r asjnrsa has 

 been examined by the author.f It contains a ferment which 

 converts starch into glucose. The ferric chloride test failed 

 to show the presence of sulphocyanates. The mineral ingre- 

 dients found were calcium and chlorine ; but no phosphates 



* J'lOr. /,'/)!/. XOC. t'dill., vol. II, p. 377. 



t Hill/., vol. 14. p. 235. 



