>yo5l HAYWARD^SEXUA/. C//ARACTERS OF XOJJOJ'Ifl /A S 
95 
OX THK SKCOXDARV SEXUAL CHARA( TERS OE \0 I’lOl'l I ILLS. 
BY ROLAND HAYWARD, MILTON, MASS. 
Some years ago I published a short note on the secondary sexual characters 
of the North American species of Omophron ( Psyche, ix, p. 304), in which 1 re- 
ferred to the dilatation of the first* joint of the middle tarsi in the males ot a 
large majority of our species of that genus. Until a short time ago I was 
unaware of the occurrence of this character elsewhere in the Carabinm, though 
quite frequently observable in several groups of the sub-family Harpalinte. 
My attention, however, was recently called by Mr. E, A. Schwarz to the 
fact that U. G. Thomson ( Bull. Soc. Ent. Erance, 1883, p cxii) had pointed out 
that in three European species of Notiophilus {,i,/uatRus Linn, palnslris Duft. and 
I’i^uttalus Eab.) the first joint of the middle tarsi is dilated and spongy beneath 
in the males. 1 was thus led to an examination of the .North American species. 
.Males have been seen of all those known to occur within our faunal limits except 
aquahcus Linn, and obsninis Eall. Jfased upon this character they may be 
divided into two groups. Of these the first contains ai/uaticus Linn., svlvaticits 
Esch., haniyi Putz. and nite 7 is Lee., in all of which the basal joint is dilated in 
the males, and, in the first three at least, spongy beneath. Whether the latter 
character occurs in niteus I have been unable to ascertain, as the only specimen 
that I have been able to study, i. e. : Leconte’s type, is so mounted that only the 
upper surface of the joint is \dsible; but in all probabilitv it agrees with the other 
species, .-klthough not seen by myself, I have included aquaticits on Thomson’s 
authority. In the second series the joint is simple as in the females Here are 
included (eneus Hbst., semioptuus Y.'S.cP.. scmisiriatus Say and sihiricus Mots. 
1 he tarsi are but narrowly dilated in the males of all our species. Phis 
applies to the anterior tarsi as well as to the basal joint of the middle pair. 
M. I ierre Lesne (Bull. Soc. Ent. I-rance, 1888, p. clxv) calls attention to 
a character common to many C .arabida; which he has observed in the European 
species of .Notiophilus, i. e. : that the anal segment has one setigerous punctuie 
each side at tip in the males, two in the females. 'Phis applies to all the species 
of our fauna that I have seen. Of mtens the male alone is known to me, in which 
the anal segment is unisetose each side. Aquaticus .and ohscurns are both 
unknown to me in nature. 
•Erroneously printed "second,” but corrected ibid, p. 335. 
