i63 LEPIDOPTERA. 



are sometimes fused together into a slender indented white 

 stripe. Costal margin orange- red, varied with square choco- 

 late spots; cilia white, spotted with brown. Hind wings 

 grey-brown, with a straight whitish-grey stripe in the discal 

 cell ; the apical portion redder brown, sometimes with in- 

 distinct chocolate or pale grey shades, or faint markings 

 somewhat imitating the pattern of the fore wings; cilia 

 reddish-brown or yellowish-brown, spotted with whitish. 

 Female similar, sometimes larger, and with the pale mark- 

 ings more suffused. 



Under side entirely smoky brown, except the cilia, which 

 are paler and spotted with dark brown, but sometimes the 

 pale markings of the upper side show faintly through. Body 

 brown, legs moderately short, but all complete, brown. 



Extremely variable in colour — from pale grey, pale brown, 

 whitish and pale reddish, to the various shades of redder and 

 darker brown ; also in the markings, which have a marbled 

 appearance, and are dark brown, chocolate, grey-brown, red- 

 dish, blackish, or have the white colour spread and suffused, 

 or the white dots, spots and stripes altered or confluent, 

 increased or decreased in size. There is also a somewhat 

 permanent and constantly recurrent phase of variation in 

 which the fore wings are of a uniform yellowish-brown or 

 reddish-brown, with the markings totally suppressed, except 

 that the central white dot, or spot, is usually visible and sur- 

 rounded by darker brown, and sometimes a faint marbling 

 indicates the other markings. In the female of this variety 

 a further divergence occasionally takes place, the fore wings 

 becoming unicolorous dull brown without a trace of central 

 spot or other markings. But always the cilia remain spotted. 

 This phase of variation has here usually been called by the 

 varietal name of carnus, but this name is now used to indicate 

 a scarce alpine (possibly distinct) species, and the form under 

 consideration has received the varietal name of Gallicus. 

 Connecting forms between it and the type are rare. A 

 specimen taken at Sheffield by Mr. A. E, Hall has the 



