192 LEPIDOPTERA. 



colour is semi-translucent brown-pink, with a narrow, but 

 well defined, yellow dorsal line, and on each segment six small 

 fleshy tubercles, arranged in rows — three on each side of the 

 dorsal line — and from which spring tufts of short brown hairs; 

 spiracular lines not very distinct ; belly and claspers naked, of 

 a semi-transparent brown-pink. Also that the young larvee 

 are pale brownish-yellow, hairy and sluggish, a character 

 which they retain through life. 



August and September, then hybernating and feeding up 

 in the spring. By keeping them in a warm room, however, 

 Mr. Tugwell induced his larvae to feed up in November and 

 produce moths in December. On Trifolium pratensc, T. 

 'procumhens, T. minus, T. repens, Lotus cornuulatus, Medicago 

 lupiilina, and even PotcntUla anscrina. It is curious to note 

 that while those larvae which fed up under favourable cir- 

 cumstances in the autumn cast their skins only five times, 

 Mr. Buckler counted nine moults in those which hybernated 

 and fed up in the spring. 



Pupa very cylindrical, blunt behind ; chestnut-brown ; in 

 a short, rounded, rather boat-shaped cocoon, thickest at one 

 end, placed on a dry stick or stem, and formed of silk and 

 the raspings of the stem. Mr. Tugwell says: "When the 

 larva is about to spin its cocoon it selects a grass culm or 

 other stem, and having spun a little pad of silk upon it, 

 commences to nibble off portions of adjacent stems, and with 

 them builds out two side pieces like an open boat, the stem 

 forminsr, as it were, the keel. It is most curious to watch 

 this construction going on ; the larva stretches itself out as 

 far as it can reach without leaving its hold of its work, in 

 order to gather this building material, which it collects, and 

 with it, builds up, so to speak, plank by plank, its house. As 

 soon as these side pieces are finished, which occupies some 

 thirty-six hours' labour, it commences at the lower end to 

 draw over the two sides so that their edges just meet, and 

 spins them thus firmly together, working steadily upwards 



