. LIPARID^. 305 



darker towards the bind margins ; fore wings with a large ill- 

 defined central lunule or V-mark, and beyond it faint cloudy- 

 indications of the second transverse line ; hind wings with an 

 angulated or lunate central s^oot ; cilia all pale brown spotted 

 with darker ; body and legs very pale brownish. Female 

 with the underside of all the wings dirty white, shaded with 

 brownish toward the costal margins, and in the fore wings 

 with faint indications of the markings of the upper side ; 

 cilia whitish spotted with brown. 



Variation in the male is mainly in the intensity of the 

 brown ground colour, which sometimes is very pale or 

 even becomes whity-brown, the central shade and hind 

 marginal space remaining dark brown. More rarely the 

 whole of the fore wings is clouded with blackish-brown, 

 obliterating the markings, but the base usually remains 

 paler. In the female variation manifests itself mainly in the 

 greater or less distinctness of the transverse lines and shade, 

 which in some specimens are strikingly distinct, in others 

 hardly perceptible ; but however faint the other markings 

 may be, the black discal V is nearly always distinct. Great 

 numbers of reared specimens have been found to exhibit, in 

 the hind wings, a large notch or circular piece apparently cut 

 from the margin. This has occurred in specimens believed 

 to be derived from a native source, but which had been 

 in-bred for so many generations that apparently the strain 

 had become exhausted, and there has probably now been for 

 some years no remnant of the British race. A gynandrous 

 specimen is in the collection of Mr. S. Webb, its right side 

 being female, left male. 

 On the wing in August. 



Larva moderately stout, cylindrical, lateral spots raised 

 into tubercles emitting bunches of very long black, and 

 shorter brown, hairs; dorsal spots with bunches of black 

 bristles. A tubercle on each side of the head emits a bunch 

 of very long hairs pointing forward ; head extremely large, 



VOL. II. u 



