221 



History and Taxonomy. — The original specimen oiCallymemd 



"papulosa is represented in Montagne's Herbarium at Paris by a 

 tetrasporic plants but tbere are co-types at Dublin and Lund wbich 

 possess cystocarps. It is fortunate that both forms of fruit are 

 available, as it was only by means of these that the true position 

 of the plant could be located. Dr. Yendo found that the struc- 

 ture of the frond and cystocarp of the Dublin specimen was 

 clearly that of a EiicJieuma. A difficulty, however, existed as to 

 the tetraspores. In Eucheuma these are zonate. J. Ag-ardh in 

 1872 removed C. papulosa to his genus Meristotliecay a genuS 

 which he expressly separates from other members of the Solierieae 

 on the ground of cruciate tetraspores- He gave as a synonym 

 Halymenia ceylanica^ Harv. and Callymenia exasperata^ Zan, 

 J. Agardh's material at Lund was examined by Yendo, who 

 reports that he had no doubt that the statement as to the tetra- 

 spores was not based on an authentic specimen, but on some 

 other species. Nine specimens so named exist in the Agardhian 

 Herbarium, and they comprise at least three species. In any 

 case, the possession of cruciate tetraspores is negatived by the fact 

 that in the type specimen at Paris the sporangia are zonate. 

 Montague's species is thus shown to be a typical Eiicheuma, and 

 from wide experience of the Japanese Tosaka, both in the field 

 and in herbarium, Yendo has no hesitation in referring it to that 

 species. It may be added that specimens from Japan sent by 

 Tanaka to Grunow (now in the herbarium of the Botanical 

 Museum at Berlin) were identified by the latter as Meristoiheca 

 papulosa, but this fact was never communicated to Japanese 

 algologists. 



The subsequent history in the literature of Montagne's plant 

 may be briefly stated. Heydrich, in his paper on ISTew^ Guinea 

 Algae (Ber. Deut. Bot, Ges. x. p. 477, 1892), takes up Harvey's 

 Halymenia ceylanica (Kiitz. Tab. Phyc. xvi. Tab. 97) and formed 

 the combination Sehdenia ceylanica, Heydr. Under this he places 

 Meristotlteca papulosa (Mont.) J. Ag., as a synonym, a position in 

 which it unfortunately finds itself in De Toni's Sylloge Algarum. 

 Without re-investigation, which in so vast a work was impossible, 

 it w^as only natural for De Toni to leave the plant where Heydrich 

 placed it, but it is needless to say that as a EucJieuvia it has been 

 practically 'buried. Harvey^s Halymenia ceylanica is itself a 

 problem, and is probably a composite gathering, but there is no 

 evidence that it is allied to EucJietima. 



The following extracts compiled from Prof. Yendo's note-book 



are worth recording : — 



'^ During my stay in Europe I found the plant treated in a 

 puzzling way and under many diverse names. In addition to 

 finding specimens named Meristotheca papulosa, I discovered 



specimens under : 



Sarcodia Klenzeana (Kiitz.) Kjellm. Hb. St. Petersburg, 



det. Kjellman, 



Callymenia dentata, Kiitz. Hb. Imp. Mus, Tokyo, 



det, Grunow. 



AcanihyTnevia Harveyana, J. Ag. Hb, Bot. Mus. Lund. 



Sandwich specimen only. 



det. J, Agardh. 



