225 



Wood=ringing. — The experiments in wood-ringing made by 

 Strasburger and otliers* sbow that, though the inner (older) layers 

 of sap-wood can conduct water for the transpiration current, the 

 heart- wood cannot do so. The first of the following cases serves 

 as an example of a sap-wood tree, the remainder being *' heart- 

 wood trees '^ (i.e., trees which form heart-wood). 



Two beech-trees 150 years old had trunks 32 cm. in diameter. 

 These were ring-cut to a depth of 8 cm., and the trees still bore 

 foliage a year and a half later. 



The trunk of an oak 50 years old was ring-cut into the heart- 

 wood, and its foliage withered in a few days. Another oak of the 

 same age, which was cut similarly but not quite through the sap- 

 wood, did not wither for some weeks. 



The trunk having been cut to the heart-wood in a tree of Prunus 

 aviumy and in a Robinia, wilting of the leaves took place in two 

 d^ys in the first case, and in a few hours in the second, 



Yarious other experiments and observations have been made in 

 bark- and wood-ringing, but enough has been quoted to illustrate 

 the nature of the results obtained in this way. 



XLL— THE BOTANIC GARDEN, UNIVERSITY 



COLLEGE, CORK. 



The following short article on the Botanic Garden of University 

 College, Cork, has been kindly sent by request for publication in 

 the Bulletin by Major H. A, Cummins, Professor of Botany and 

 Agriculture in the College. Some photographs of the garden sent 

 with this article have been added to the collection of photographs 

 of Botanic Gardens in the Museums of the Royal Botanic Gardens, 

 Kew. 



The University College, Cork, is situated to the West of Cork 

 City. The College was opened in 1849, and up to the establish- 

 ment of the National University of Ireland in 1908, it was known 

 as the Queen's College. 



The original building is in the Collegiate Architectural style 

 of the 15th century* 



The existing college grounds comprise a park of about 25 acres, 

 the south branch of the river Lee flowing through the lower part. 

 From the river the land rises, in some parts precipitously to a 

 height of about eighty feet, and the College is situated on the 

 elevated ground. The northern entrance is on the Western road 

 across a bridge spanning the river, and an aveuue leads up a gentle 

 slope to the college. 



The avenue is bordered on each side' by specimen trees and 

 ornamental shrubs. Ascending the avenue, the river and, lower 

 grounds are to be seen on the right hand, the latter planted with 

 trees, shrubs, bamboos, and other decorative plants. The central 

 portion has been cleared and tennis courts made for the use of 



* Strasburger, Ban und Verrichtungen der Leitungsbahnen (Histolog. 

 Beitrage, 3), p. 515. 



