109 
7. Foliis superioribus distantibus ovatis late obovatisve basi 
dilatatis, dichasio laxo, pedicellis subdeflexibus apice in- 
curvis, seminibus 1 mm. diametro laxe tuberculatis, 
Planta in parte superiore bar ee 
C. Schmidtianum, Takeda. 
Foliis late lanceolatis, a ioribu us ad 7 em. longis, 
asin versus subattenuatis, dichasio subcompacto, Bsr 
cellis apice paulo tantum ee: seminibus 14 mm 
longis densissime elevato-tuberculat 
robustum, Williams. 
8. toe! circa 5 mm. longis obtusis leviter bilobis. Petalis 
on excedentibus triente bifidis. Foliis lanceo- 
ee minimis 3 mm. latis glabrescentibus ciliatis. Planta 
alpicola, glabrescens _.. 7. C. ciliatum, nee 
Sepalis 7°5 mm. longis lanceolatis, petalis ultra 1 cm. 
pee pee bifidis.  Foliis lineari-lanceolatis infra 
m. lat ae: 8. C. morrisonense, Hayata. 
EXPLANATION OF PLATE. 
Figs. 1-5. C. boreale, Takeda. 
9. C. Schmidtianum, Takeda. 
Fig. 10. C. rigidulum, Takeda. 
oe ll. CC. robustum, Williams. 
Figs. 12-16. C. ciliatum, Turez. 
All seeds are magnified 18 times, except Fig. 17 which is 12 times. 
Other figures are enlarged five times natural size. Sepals are seen 
from inside. 
IX.—-THE BEECHWOOD INDUSTRY OF THE 
CHILTERNS 
W. DALLIMORE. 
A. good illustration of the way in which large industries may be 
Per and towns built up through the presence of woodlands, 
m which a continuous supply of wood can be drawn, is to be 
seen in the Chiltern district. Here, dotted about in Buckingham- 
shire, Hertfordshire and some of the adjoining counties, there are 
several towns owing their existence almost entirely to wood-working 
trades which originated in connection with, and still owe much 
of their prosperity to the numerous woods in their respective 
neighbourhoods. 
The beech, beg the dominant tree of the Chilterns, enters 
largely into the various manufactures and the wood has lon g been 
a source of revenue to estate owners in the locality ; ; for timber 
grown on the heavy soil, overlying chalk, which is peculiar to the 
country, has acquired a reputation for strength and durability 
which is unsurpassed. 
A tour through the district reveals the fact, that while a 
considerable area is covered by beech woods, there are no very 
extensive plantations, the object apparently being to restrict tree 
growth to the positions eg suitable for agricultural purposes and 
