178 
longer than the anthers, the whole stamens almost equalling the 
petals in length, and the capitate stigma, which is borne on a slender 
style, stands over 3 mm. from the base of the flower. Beside these 
hermaphrodite flowers, there occur also male flowers in which the 
pistil is reduced to a short conical body, shortly exserted from the 
calyx and terminating in a more or less bifid point, whilst the 
anthers are somewhat longer, so that their tips reach or protrude 
beyond those of the petals. The two types of flowers are found in 
separate individuals to judge from the herbarium material, but it is 
probable that this separation is actually not so absolute, and that 
among the apparently hermaphrodite flowers functionally female 
ones also occur. n imperfect diclinism of this kind is not 
uncommon in Oleaceae. A very good figure of Osmanthus Aqutfo- 
lium, as defined here, may be found in Shirasawa’s Iconographie 
les Essences Foresticres, vol. 1, tab. 82. 
The plant was in cultivation in Buitenzorg in the twenties of the 
last century according to Blume (l.c.), but does not seem to have 
found its way into Europe until 1856, when T. Lobb introduced 
it from Japan for Messrs. Veitch & Sons, who advertised it in 
1858 as Olea ilicifolia (Gard. Chron. 1858, p. 419, advert. ; Veitch, 
Hort. Veitch, p. 404). This disposes of Bretschneider’s statement 
that the plant was introduced by Fortune, in so far as the true 
Osmanthus Aquifolium and Fortune’s claim to having it introduced 
into Europe for the first time is concerned ; but Fortune no doubt 
saw it in Japan in 1860, and brought specimens with him to 
England in 1862. There is a sample of it in the Kew Herbarium, 
collected by him in gardens at Yedo in November, 1860, and plants 
of the variegated form imported by him for Standish were exhibited 
by that firm in the summer of 1862 (Gard. Chron. 1862, p. 240). 
It appears, however, that Fortune also brought with him another 
Osmanthus which he himself had apparently not recognised as 
distinct from O. Aquifolium, and which under that name was dis- 
tributed from the English nurseries. A plant of it came into 
Carriére’s hands, and he at once pointed out that it was a new an 
distinct species which he named O. Fortunei (Rev. Hort. 1864, 
pp. 69-71 with fig.). Carriére said that Fortune brought it from 
China, and a specimen in the Hookerian collection at Kew, received 
from “ Hort.-Veitch” and described as “e China” seems to confirm 
his statement. But as we now know that O. Fortunei is also culti- 
ted in Japan, and Fortune took his collection of living Japanese 
plants home vid China, and furthermore, as O. Fortunei has not since 
been observed in China, he may very well have got it from a 
garden in Japan. = 
_ The differential characters of O. Fortunei, which is only known 
in the male state, rest on the leaves as well as the flowers, and 
may be diagnosed as follows :— 
Leaves elliptic, usually with numerous (8-12) pungent teeth on 
each side, occasionally entire or with a very few small teeth, and 
commonly 7-10 em. long, 4—7 em. wide; teeth 0°3-0°5 em. long. 
Flowers about 7 mm. in diameter. Calyx segments rotundate, 
truncate, the hyaline margin minutely erosulate. Corolla segments 
obovate-oblong, 3 mm. long, 2 mm. wide. Filaments a as 
or rather shorter than the anthers, the whole stamen distinctly 
