3IO SCOTT. [Vol. XI. 



specimens, but, as this is not clearly shown, it will be better 

 to treat the variations as individual. 



Aside from certain peculiar specializations, the general char- 

 acter of the skull has already been pointed out in the list of 

 modernizations given above. As a whole, the skull is very 

 long and narrow, tapering rapidly toward the anterior end, 

 where the muzzle becomes extremely slender. The face is 

 constricted in front of P4, and again in front of p£, so that the 

 base of the skull has a remarkably llama-like appearance. The 

 upper contour rises at the forehead, the cranium being consid- 

 arably elevated above the level of the face, though less than in 

 the antlered deer. The occiput is of antique type, high, nar- 

 row and with its upper portion deeply concave and projecting 

 backward, very different from the low, broad, and convex 

 occiput of the tragulines. However, as in that group, the 

 upper margin of the foramen magnum forms the hindermost 

 part of the skull. The lambdoidal crest is prominent, the 

 sagittal much longer and higher than in any existing seleno- 

 dont, except the camels, and the temporal ridges are likewise 

 unusually prominent. 



The basioccipital is quite broad and massive, in some speci- 

 mens faintly keeled, in others with a shallow groove along the 

 median line ; the very small tympanic bullae do not encroach 

 upon it at all. The body of the bone is relatively narrower 

 and deeper in the vertical direction than in the antelope or 

 deer skull, or even than in Moschiis. The condyles are large, 

 especially in the vertical dimension, and are quite widely 

 separated below, though less so than in the deer. The articu- 

 lar surface is continued forward upon the two tubercles of the 

 basioccipital, as in the deer and in some antelopes. Gn the 

 outer side of each condyle there is a curious emargination of 

 the articular surface, which invades the process along the line 

 where the dorsal and ventral surfaces meet. This emargina- 

 tion occurs, but in a much less marked degree, in Moschus, 

 Cariacns and other recent ruminants. The exoccipitals are 

 low and narrow, as compared with their relatively great 

 breadth in the recent Pecora ; in the median line they are 

 quite strongly convex, bulging out here to form a fossa for the 



