360 SCOTT. [Vol. XI. 



class der vordere Orbitalrand sich genau dem erstcn Molar 

 Sfecfeniiber befand, wahrend bei dem grossten Theil der recenten 

 Wiederkauer die Hirnkapsel, in Folge der starken Entwickelung 

 des Gesichtstheils, so weit nach hinten verschoben erscheint, 

 dass der vordere Orbitalrand dem letzten Molar gegenliber, 

 Oder selbst hinter diesen zu stehen kommt. Der Schadel 

 hatte eine gewisse Aehnlichkeit mit dem unserer heutigen 

 Traguliden, mit denen Gelocus uberhaupt viele gemeinsame 

 Merkmale besitzt." (No. 3, p. 147.) 



In sharp contrast with the primitive traguline skull of Gelocus 

 is the advanced and highly differentiated skull of Protoceras, 

 which in some respects is more modernized than that of the 

 deer. The short, capacious, and rounded cranium, the pos- 

 terior position of the orbits, the great elongation of the face 

 and its depression upon the basicranial axis are characters 

 which at present are confined to the higher Pecora. At the 

 same time, the shape of the occiput, the arrangement of the 

 supraoccipital, the prominence of the sagittal and lambdoidal 

 crests are primitive features, such as are now not to be found in 

 even the lowest Pecora, e.g., MoscJms. The specializations pe- 

 culiar to this skull form still a third class of characters, such 

 as the extreme shortening of the nasals and the numerous pro- 

 tuberances which are developed in the male, especially those 

 which arise from the parietals and maxillaries. The skull of 

 Protoceras presents, then, a remarkable assemblage of charac- 

 ters, some few even more primitive than are found in the 

 tragulines, some altogether peculiar to itself, but most of them 

 extremely modernized and advanced, and elsewhere among se- 

 lenodonts combined only in the higher Pecora. Though an 

 examination of the skull alone might lead one to refer this 

 genus to the Pecora, yet there would be much reason to hesi- 

 tate in doing so. The very combination of such primitive and 

 modern characters is not what we should expect in a transition 

 form ; in such a form we should find an association of features 

 like those of Traguhis and Gelocus, on the one hand, and of the 

 lower Pecora, such as Moschus, on the other. Then, too, the 

 existence of horn-like protuberances on the parietals is not 

 suggestive of relationship with the Pecora, since no member 



