118 PROF. DR. L. BOLK 



attached to the anterior buccal cusp of the molar. A close look 

 at the molars represented in figures 11, 12, 13 and 14 suffices 

 to confirm the accuracy of this statement. I never saw a case 

 of a paramolar tubercle arising from the posterior buccal cusp 

 of the molar. If the tubercle is strongly developed, and, as 

 sometimes happens, appears as a double cusp, one of these two 

 is displaced a little more distally, approaching the fissure which 

 separates the anterior and posterior cusps. Still, even in the 

 rare cases represented in figures 11 and 12, in which the con- 

 cresced paramolar was very strongly developed, it manifests its 

 close relationship to the typical cusp of the molar-crown. 



What do we learn from this very interesting, sharply defined 

 topographical affinity of the paramolar tubercle to the molar? 

 In one of the foregoing pages much stress was laid upon the 

 situation of the paramolars in the corners between the molars, 

 and it was emphasized that this situation cannot be considered 

 a secondary one, because it is primary, the paramolars evolving in 

 alternation with the molars. At the place designated I omitted 

 to furnish positive ground for this statement. I now believe, 

 that the above established fact of the sharply confined topo- 

 graphical relation between the coalesced paramolar and the 

 molar fills up this lack in a decisive manner. For it is needless 

 to discuss in detail that such a union as occurs between a molar 

 and a paramolar cannot be effected secondarily. The normal 

 and the additional element must have been closely connected 

 with each other from the earliest phase of development: the 

 dental papilla of the paramolar must have been fused with that 

 of the molar from the beginning. And by the regularity with 

 which the paramolar cusp appears as an appendage of the an- 

 terior buccal cusp of the molar, it is established unquestionably 

 that the dental papilla of the paramolar, from its origin, is situ- 

 ated in close proximity to the mesial border of the molar, or in 

 other terms, that this papilla alternates with those of two molars. 

 This is a very important statement, being one of the leading views 

 in the discussion about the developmental significance of our 

 molars. Now arises the question why the paramolar, alternat- 

 ing with the molars, always coalesces with the molar situated 



