I'li()]{].KMS OF HUMAN DEXTITIOX 121 



more strongly dcvclojjcd tluiii in the top I'ow. This root is seen 

 to be situated on the l^uccal surface of the tooth, startinj;- from 

 the crown as an independent root. In the last two objects 

 of this row, the first indication of a })araniolar tul)ercle in con- 

 nection with the root appeal's. Finally in the bottom row se\'en 

 molars are reproduced with a fully (le\'eloped paramolar-root 

 and a more strongly developed tubercle. In more closely observ- 

 ing the objects of this row, all doubt as to the relation of the 

 paramolar root and the paramolar cusp is wiped out. 



Except for the difference pointed out between the coalesced 

 paramolars in the upper and lower jaw, these elements agi'ee 

 in every respect, as I have never seen a single vestige, either 

 cusp or root, of a jiaramolar tubercle on the first lower molar. 

 Furthermore, in the lower as well as in the ui)per jaw the para- 

 molar is coalesced only w^ith the anterior buccal cusp of the 

 molar. This may be observed in the objects reproduced in figure 

 15. This anatonncal relationship is demonstrated still more 

 forcibly by figures 16 and 17, in which a series of second antl third 

 molars is re]3roduced, seen from above. It is needless to further 

 elaborate these points, as they are fully discussed in the pre- 

 ceding pages. 



Before leaving this sul)ject, I must return briefly to the second 

 form of supernumerary tooth in our molar region, \iz.: the disto- 

 molar. As pointed out already this supernumerary element, as 

 well as the paramolars is sometimes coalesced. It is obvious 

 that such a coalescence only can take place with the third molar. 

 A few woi'ds u])on the character of this coalescence. 



On one of the preceding pages stress has been laid upon the 

 fact that a distomolar is not always situated regularly behind 

 the third molar, but is slightly displaced now and then, and in 

 case of such a dis]ihu'ement the distomolar is always shifted in 

 the i^alatal direction. Now I sui:)p()se that originally a distomolar 

 is always situated more or le-;s disto-palatall.y from the third 

 molai-, for in case of coalescence of this supernumerary element, 

 the fusion is always effected with the i:)alatal side of the third 

 molar. This is demonstrated by figures 18, 19 and 20. In 

 figures IS and 1!) a lower third molar is represented, at the 



