158 TUCKERMAN. [Vol.. IV. 



and also pass between them. Large ganglion cells are likewise 

 present in the axes of the papillae. For lack of sufficient 

 material no search was made for the lateral gustatory organs, 

 t"hough they are doubtless present. 



The fungiform papillae are quite numerous, especially over 

 the anterior dorsal surface. They are of the usual type and 

 probably contain bulbs, although none were found. No bulbs 

 were detected in the epiglottis. 



The Tongue of Phascolarctos cinereus. 



This specimen was also from a young animal, and had like- 

 wise been kept in dilute spirit. It was subsequently placed in 

 absolute alcohol. For a careful study of this tongue, or that 

 of Phascolomys, fresh material, or material in a better state of 

 preservation than that which I had at my disposal, will be 

 necessary. 



Gustatory Structures. 



The Ciraimvallate PapillcE. — The papillae are very clearly 

 defined. They form a nearly equilateral triangle, the base 

 being a trifle less than the sides. The posterior papilla is 

 much the largest of the three, and is encircled by a narrow 

 trench. It is freely movable, and measures 0.55 mm. in diam- 

 eter and 0.50 mm. in height. Striated muscle-fibres terminate 

 at the base of the papilla. The anterior papillae are elongated, 

 and measure 0.50 mm. in height and 0.35 mm. transversely. 

 They are set in deep trenches, which open on the surface with 

 narrow, slit-like apertures. Anteriorly their summits terminate 

 in an apex. Further back they lose their apex, and become 

 more convex. At their extreme posterior limits they are com- 

 pletely roofed over. Their bases are somewhat constricted, and 

 their apices do not reach the level of the opening of the trench. 

 Serous glands are plentifully distributed to this gustatory area, 

 their ducts opening at the bottom of the trenches. Nerves and 

 large ganglion cells are present in the anterior papillae. 



The bulbs are quite numerous. The arrangement of those 

 of the posterior papilla is much the same as in the circumvallate 

 papillae of Phascolomys. In the anterior papillae there appear 

 to be upwards of twenty-five tiers, a well-filled tier containing 



