No. 2.] ON- THE GUSJ'ATOKV ORGANS. 1 85 



3.70 to 10 mm. in length. They consist of seven or eight folds, 

 most of which bear bulbs on one or both lateral areas. In some 

 folds the main papillary body is cleft into a few large secondary 

 papillae, the depressions between which are filled up to one level 

 with epithelium. The furrows are narrow, and average 0.50 

 mm. in depth. Serous glands are plentiful, the ducts opening 

 at the bottom of the furrows. The bulbs occasionally fill the 

 lateral area of the folds completely, and scattered bulbs are not 

 infrequent on their exposed surface. Usually there are from 

 ten to fourteen tiers on each lateral wall. I counted forty-six 

 bulbs in a tier, but the latter was not completely filled, nor did 

 it represent the entire width of the organ. The bulbs of this 

 region vary in size, and are a little smaller than in the circum- 

 vallate papillae. They measure 0.056 to 0.067 mm. in length 

 and 0.026 to 0,035 "^'^- ^^ breadth. 



Some of the bulbs of the fungiform papillae penetrate, and 

 even perforate, the outer layers of the epithelium. I found one 

 very beautiful flask-shaped specimen in this region. The basal 

 end rested against the mucosa, while a very delicate, but clearly 

 defined neck led to the exterior. The bulb measured 0.057 mm. 

 in length and 0.028 mm. in breadth. 



Both Davis and Schofield have found bulbs at different parts 

 of the posterior surface of the epiglottis of Cams familiaris. 

 They have also been detected by Davis, and later by Sima- 

 nowsky, on the true vocal cords. The former investigator has 

 likewise observed them on the inner side of the arytenoid carti- 

 lages and on the aryepiglottic folds. 



The Tongue of Zalophus calif ornianns . 



The specimen came from a young individual, and had been 

 kept for some time in spirit. 



General Description. — The organ is 58 mm. long, the length 

 of the free portion being 14 mm. The tip is bifurcate. The 

 under surface is finely wrinkled, and impressed by a deep median 

 groove leading to the fraenum. The anterior dorsal surface is 

 marked by a slight mesial raphe. Fungiform papillae are spar- 

 ingly scattered over the anterior dorsal region, and the anterior 

 margin and tip are fringed with filiform papillae. Near the base 

 of the organ are four or five papillae of the circumvallate type. 

 They are arranged in two unequal lines converging backwards. 



