Edward Anthony Spitzka 33 
hemicerebrum and the trend of minor fissures and ramifications is in a 
transverse direction, so that many of the principal longitudinal fissures 
anastomose with each other. This is so marked in Eskimo brains that 
brachycephaly alone hardly seems to account for it, if we may be guided 
by past experience. The fissures are of good depth, and contain, in 
many instances, several interdigitating subgyres. A notable feature of 
all the fissures is the close apposition of the gyres, making all examina- 
tions of the depths of the fissures exceedingly difficult. 
The gyres exhibit marked tortuosity, and are of intricate yet delicate 
contour. The maximum width of any gyre is 14 mm.; the average 
being about 8 mm. 
Both insulae are exposed to view; more so on the left than on the 
right side. 
Viewed dorsally or ventrally, the general outline is that of an elon- 
gated hexagon, with its maximum width at the junction of the marginal 
and supertemporal gyres. This region is particularly prominent on 
the left side. Viewed laterally, the notable features are a pronounced 
fullness and rotundity of the frontal lobe, while the parieto-occipital 
boundary is only moderately convex; this with the nearly straight ven- 
trolateral boundary gives the caudal portion of the hemicerebrum a 
more slender contour than is usually encountered. In all respects the 
development of the frontal lobe preponderates over that of the re- 
mainder of the cerebrum, the parietal area being particularly under the 
average extent found to prevail in European cerebra. 
The callosum is well formed, of average thickness in the genu and 
splenium, but rather slender in its middle portion or body. Its length 
is 44.7 per cent of the total cerebral length. 
One feature in the shape and position of the cuneus deserves particu- 
lar mention. In this cerebrum, as in nearly all the others of Eskimos. 
the calcarine and postealearine, whether separate or confluent, do not 
describe the well-marked curve (convexity dorsad) toward the ventro- 
mesial border as seems fairly characteristic of Caucasian brains. In this 
brain, for example, the calcarine complex passes directly caudad and 
in a nearly straight line, and reaching the hemicerebral border at a 
point much further dorsad. This naturally renders the ventral border 
of the cuneus straight instead of curved, as usual. 
3 
