R. R. Bensley 13% 
° 
(Phalangista) or occupies an extremely narrow area at the termination 
of the esophagus (Didelphys, Dasyurus, Perameles). The csophageal 
epithelium does not extend into the stomach. 
In the kangaroos, on the other hand, a highly complex condition ex- 
ists. The stomach is elongated intestiniform in shape and exhibits 
peculiar colon-like sacculations. The cesophageal epithelium extends 
some distance into the stomach and a considerable cardiac gland zone is 
present. As a result of these important modifications, the fundus and 
pyloric glands are confined to a small portion of the stomach near the 
pyloric cord. Particularly interesting are the figures of the stomach 
of Macropus giganteus and Dorcopsis luctuosa, given by Schafer and 
Wilhams (Tig. 10, Band C). Externally the similarity between these 
two stomachs is remarkable. The general form, the sacculations along 
the greater curvature, and the distribution of the fundus and pyloric 
glands is the same in each, the similarity in shape extending even to 
the two small secondary ceeca at the left extremity of the fundus sae. 
Some difference exists, however, in the relative extent of the portions 
lined by cesophageal epithelium and cardiac glands respectively. In 
Macropus giganteus the oesophageal epithelium extends only a short 
distance from the cardiac orifice, but in Dorcopsis it lines the whole of 
the fundus sac and extends a considerable distance to the right of the 
cesophagus, the cardiac gland zone being correspondingly reduced. In 
Dendrologus bennetti, according to Beddard, there is also an cesopha- 
geal division of the stomach but it occurs in the middle region between 
the opening of the cesophagus and the pylorus. 
A similar diversity of structure exists in several of the placental 
orders. This has been particularly well investigated by Toepfer for 
the Rodentia and by Edelmann, Boas, and especially Cordier, for the 
Ungulata. 
In the former order a simple stomach is found in the Sciuromorpha, 
Lagomorpha (Fig. 11, A) and Hystricomorpha. In the Myomorpha, on 
the other hand, there is usually a sac of considerable size lined by 
squamous epithelium and without glands. The simplest condition is 
found in Mus (Fig. 11, B) in which the glands extend to the cesophageal 
opening and in which the stomach has retained the simple form. The 
right and left divisions of the stomach are separated by a moderately 
well-defined “ Grenzfalte” and along this is a narrow zone of cardiac 
glands. The next phase of specialization is presented by Cricetus fru- 
mentarius (Fig. 11, C) in which the stratified epithelium extends past 
the opening of the cesophagus over into the right division of the stom- 
ach. The subdivision of the stomach is now clearly indicated externally 
