Robert Bennett Bean 361 
Fig. la. Caucasian male, age 40, No. 1690, length 168 cm. Brain outline 
as viewed from above, horizontal plane. A, anterior end; R&, right side. One- 
third natural size. 
Fig. 1b. Negro male, age 37, No. 1528, length 176 cm., weight 81.6 Kg. 
Brain outline as viewed from above, horizontal plane. A, anterior end; fk, 
right side. One-third natural size. 
Fig. 2a. Caucasian male, age 40, No. 1690, length 168 cm. Brain outline 
as viewed from within, mesial view, vertical plane. Right hemisphere. One- 
third natural size. 
Fic. 2b. Negro male, age 37, No. 1528, length 176 cm., weight 81.6’ Kg. 
Brain outline viewed from within, mesial view, vertical plane. Right hem- 
isphere. One-third natural size. 
Fic. 3a. Caucasian male, age 40, No. 1690, length 168 cm. Brain outline 
as viewed from above and from the left at an angle of 45°, the outline at 45°. 
Right hemisphere. One-third natural size. 
Fig. 3b. Negro male, age 37, No. 1528, length 176 cm., weight 81.6 Kg. Brain 
as viewed from akove and from the left at an angle of 45°, the outline at 45°. 
Right hemisphere. One-third natural size. 
cussed on page 404 in connection with the brain center. It passes through 
the longest diameter of the brain between the hemispheres, and its mid- 
point is taken as the brain center. From this center radii are drawn on 
all the outlines at 60° and 120°, the anterior end of the axis being marked 
0°, the posterior end 180°. The point of contact of the anterior radius 
(60°) with the brain outline is invariably over the anterior association 
center (Broca’s convolution on the left side), while the point of contact 
of the posterior radius (120°) is invariably over the posterior association 
center. These two points are meant whenever the anterior or posterior 
association centers are referred to unless otherwise expressed or implied. 
Outlines with brain axis, and these points located on the brain of an 
adult male Negro (No. 1528) and of an adult male Caucasian (No. 1690) 
are seen in figures 1° to 3°, there being semicircles drawn around each 
hemisphere to facilitate comparison. These two brains are selected be- 
cause they are nearly alike in many respects, but still show the racial 
characteristics. They are taken from young adult males of about the same 
age, the brains being of about the same size and weight. From these out- 
lines it is observed that the Caucasian brain conforms more nearly to a 
circle in its contour in the different planes than does that of the Negro, 
which is squared at the ends, and flatter on the sides and above, especially 
along the frontal lobes, thus exhibiting a distinct box-shaped appearance. 
This shape of the Negro brain is manifested in the mesial outline by 
the abrupt rise of the contour from the axis at its posterior end, by the 
nearly straight line over the anterior association center, by the nearly 
