60 PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 
parts of England whole herds remained unreclaimed till even the 
close of the seventeenth century—notably in the New Forest. 
The names of CowLry, OxHay, BuLuay, speak of cattle in 
enclosures, whilst CowDALE, CowLow, and Ox.ow seem to tell 
us of the districts over which they passed comparatively 
unmolested.* CALVER (Bakewell) takes its name from calf, a 
calf. 
Sheep, too, are brought to mind at SHIPLEY, SHEEPHE, and 
SHEEP Ley; the ram at RamMsLey and RamsuHaw, and, in the 
older form of tup, at Tupron and TupLow. MovuLpripcE (near 
- Winster), and perhaps MousELow, form one of the few instances 
of a Celtic word, denoting an animal, being used in the formation 
of a place-name. The derivative is the Welsh word mol/t, a 
wether sheep.t 
Traces of the goat are to be found at GorHERAGE, GoTHaM, 
Goat’s CuirF, and Goatrorp (T.C., Pilsley); also probably at 
TICKENHALL, from ¢iccen, a kid, its modern form being preserved 
in Kip Tor, and Kip Ctose (T.C., Glossop). Goats were 
formerly very numerous throughout the island. They were 
domesticated and kept in flocks in the same way as sheep. 
Among the endowments of Beauchief Abbey, recited in a charter 
of Henry IV., we find a grant of pasture land for forty cows and 
two bulls, ten mares, eighty sheep, thirty swine, and forty goats.t 
From so large a proportion of goats, it may be presumed that 
they were very numerous in this part of the kingdom. Among 
the crags and precipices of the Peak they would find an easy 
sustenance, and prove invaluable to the hardy mountaineer.§ 
Derbyshire gives two examples of place-names derived from 
swine—viz., SWINEHAM and SwINELEE. The wild boar (WILD- 
BOAR CLOUGH, in Peak Forest) was the original progenitor of the 
* To these names some would add Beeley, Beelow, and Bee Holme, as 
derived from bench, a cow, a beeve. See Bannister’s Glossary of Cornish 
WVames. These names, however, will be again mentioned in this chapter. 
+ Bannister, Glossary of Cornish Names, p. 97. 
} Glover, Hist. of Derbyshire, vol. i. p. 132. 
§ It is possible that HAVER Crort (T.C., Killamarsh) points to the Cymric 
word, ga/r, a goat. Another derivation, however, is from the Anglo-Saxon e#, 
the brink or edge. 
—_—— a ee 
