166 PLEISTOCENE DEPOSITS OF DERBYSHIRE. 
BAKEWELL. 
They lay about nine yards deep from the surface ; and above and 
around the small cavity in which they were found was a mass of 
rocky petrified substance, or tuft, a yard anda half or more in 
thickness ; but the bones themselves were not petrified, being 
mixed with a soft coarse clay or marl. The ribs were much 
decayed, and the skull crumbled as soon as exposed to the air ; 
the teeth were sound and retained their enamel.* 
In 1832, while draining a bog near 
MIDDLETON, 
the workmen found many bones of animals, and an entire human 
skeleton of a young adult female ; the bones’ were black from the 
action of the tannin in the peaty soil. The remains, unfor- 
tunately, were not preserved.t The late Mr. Thomas Bateman 
obtained teeth of a large bear from Monsal Dale, near Litton, 
and the bones of the rhinoceros, horse, and red deer, from 
Lathkiln Dale. About 1863 Dr. Ransome discovered, in a deep 
fissure in the magnesian limestone, near Mansfield Woodhouse, 
the lynx, wolf, bison, reindeer, and roedeer. ‘‘ Finds” continued 
to be made, from time to time, in small fissures, river gravel, and 
drift deposits, of the lower jaw and molar of Zvephas Meridionalis, 
in a cutting on the Midland Railway, near Clay Cross; of milk, 
molar, and bones of the woolly rhinoceros, bones of bison, carpal 
of mammoth, and a tooth of a boar at Hartle Dale; of the 
reindeer at Bardwell, and the mammoth at Dove Holes. In Cave 
Dale, immediately under the walls of Peverel Castle, on the south 
side, were found, besides interesting implements of man, the Ce/¢zc 
shorthorned ox, goat, red deer, hog, horse, wolf, fox, badger, dog, 
cat, hare, rabbit, duck, fowl, water rat, and shrew. t In 1874, the 
same enthusiastic explorer, Mr. Rooke Pennington, B.A., F.G.S., 
etc., commenced to work out a fissure in 
* Reliquary, vol. 1, 1860-1, p. 227. + Lbzd. p. 228. 
+ Pennington’s Barrow and Bone Caves of Derbyshire, p. 87. 
+ 
ee 
