PLEISTOCENE DEPOSITS OF DERBYSHIRE. 169 
Royal Museum, Salford, to whom several students from Owen’s 
College had taken a number of bones for identification, which 
had been found by them in this fissure during a geological tour, 
either in the latter part of 1873 or early in 1874. Messrs. 
Pennington and Dawkins’ first paper was read before the Geological 
Society, at Burlington House, May, 1875. Who first recognised 
the real scientific value of this important and fertile fissure is 
_mere hypothesis, but to Mr. Plant and the students, undoubtedly, 
belong whatever honour there may be in being the first to make 
it known to the scientific world ; an honour that is enhanced by 
their perfect ignorance of Mr. Pennington’s alleged previous 
discovery in 1870. 
The next important find was at 
CRESWELL CRAGS. 
In about 1870 a labourer of the name of Woodhead, of Langwith, 
found a small mammoth tooth here. It is a beautiful ravine on 
the north-eastern border of Derbyshire, 9 miles from Mansfield 
and 6 from Worksop and Shireoaks. At its base is a large 
_ fish-pond, which divides the counties of Notts. and Derby ; it is 
supplied by springs rising in the limestone above, and on its 
surface reflects the beautifully-wooded cliffs, which in some places 
rise to a height of 60 feet. These cliffs of magnesian limestone 
of the lower permian have many fissures, in one of which, in 1872, 
the late Mr. Frank Tebbet found a lower molar of the rhinoceros 
tichorhinus, in the cave now known as the Church Hole. The 
late Dr. Bergener (of Worksop), Mr. Bailey (of Mansfield), and 
others made finds here until April, 1875, when the Rey. J. M. 
Mello visited the caves for the first time. Subsequently, after 
working four days at the mouth of the Pin Hole, he discovered 
the remains of the following animals :— 
FTomo. Hyena spelea. Rhinoceros tichorhinus. 
_ Ursus sp? Cervus megaceros. Elephas primigentus. 
Gulo luscus. — tarandus. Lepus timidus. 
Canis Vulpes. Ovis. Arvicola, 
— lupus. Bos primigenius. A bird sp? 
— lagopus. Lquus caballus. Fish sp ?* 
* Quat. Jour. Geo. Socty., Vol. 31, No. 124, p. 683. 
