96 ON THE MAMMOTH AT CRESWELL. 
drawing this distinction when dealing with the teeth of very young 
individuals. ‘The Creswell fossil, then, appears to be the only one 
of its kind in this country that is forthcoming, and of which the 
precise place of derivation is known. 
A figure of the Creswell fossil accompanies this paper. It will 
be seen that it is a portion of the fore-part of the upper jaw of a 
very young elephant. The teeth of the right side only are present, 
those of the opposite side having been torn away. The longitudinal 
extent of the two molars is a fraction over three inches. The 
surface of the foremost and smaller tooth has suffered very con- 
siderable wear ; indeed it has been worn down into a triangular 
shape (the apex being forward) ; the foremost plate being almost 
removed. The length of the grinding surface of this tooth is 
fourteen millimétres, and the breadth, near the base, fifteen milli- 
metres. Of the second molar, only the anterior portion has suffered 
wear, the two hindermost divisions of the tooth not having risen 
into use; thus, while the grinding surface of this tooth is only 
fifty millimétres in length, the whole length of the tooth is sixty- 
two millimétres. The roots of the smaller molar are fully deve- 
loped, and one (the anterior) is curved forward. Of the larger 
molar, three roots are visible. 
Sir Richard Owen having informed me that the British Museum 
did not possess an illustration of the phase of dentition of the 
Elephas primigenius, exemplified in the smaller molar above- 
described, I have presented my specimen to the National Collection. 
It takes our thoughts back to the far distant age when Britain was 
joined to the Continent, and when the Creswell ravine echoed to 
the roar of the lion, the howl of the wolf, and the laugh of the 
cave-dwelling hyzena. It needs no effort of imagination to picture 
the probable circumstances under which the ill-fated young 
elephant—a portion of whose skull has so recently been brought 
to light—came to an untimely end by the deadly attack of one 
of the fierce carnivora of Pleistocene days. 
