234 



ON RAINS CAVE, LONGCLIFFE, DERBYSHIRE. 



horseshoe-scraper (Fig. 3) has a neatly bevelled cutting edge nearly 

 all along the semi-circular margin. A much smaller scraper (Fig. 5), 

 belonging to the kite-shaped variety, has a similar edge all round. 

 Fig. 4 may be regarded as a chisel ; its flat cutting edge has not 



/^m*^-^ /^ 



Figs. 3 and 4. 



been produced by chipping, but by one well-directed blow. Fig. 7 

 is a long ridge-flake, with one edge finely serrated (flake-saw). 

 Then there are two poor flakes, and part of the cutting end of 

 another scraper, or scraper-like tool, finely chipped, and with signs 

 of wear. At the cave side, charcoal belonging to this seam was 

 embedded in some soft granular stalagmite deposited by a small 

 stream. But this stream already had long been in existence, for 

 as deep as we went below this seam there were laminas of 

 stalagmite of varying thicknesses, and the intervening layers of 

 cave earth were loosely cemented into a tufaceous mass. All 



