ROMAN AND OTHER COINS FOUND AT LITTLE CHESTER. 23 



CAIVS C^SAR AVGVST. called CALIGVLA. Bust look- 

 ing to left, no legend plain enough to read ; rev., a seated draped 

 figure looking to right, perhaps Vesta holding wheat and a palm. 

 The head appears to be that of a dog, but it may only be through 

 corrosion it has assumed that form. It may, however, be Anubis. 

 Legend quite indistinct, there being only a few disconnected and 

 broken letters. 



Caligula received this name because of his habit of weanng in 

 the camp a kind of boot called the caiiga, the sole of which was 

 thickly studded with hobnails. Examples of these have been 

 recently found at Silchester, and may now be seen in the museum 

 at Reading. The upper leathers have for the most part perished, 

 but the soles, with their hobnails, are perfect. They were dis- 

 covered, with other Roman relics, in an ashpit. He was the son 

 of Germanicus, by Agrippina, and grandson of Tiberius. His 

 character may be judged of by what historians have related of 

 him. They say he often wished the Roman people had only one 

 head, that he might strike it off at a blow. He caused a favourite 

 horse to be made high-priest and consul, which was kept in 

 marble apartments, adorned with the most valuable trappings 

 and pearls the empire could furnish. This madman was put to 

 death in a.d. 41, in the twenty-ninth year of his age and fourth 

 of his reign (Fig. i, Plate I.) 



VITELLIVS GERMANICVS. Bust to right, head wreathed ; 

 legend indistinct, though many broken letters remain ; rev.., an 

 eagle ; legend illegible. 



This Emperor, who was a friend of Caligula and his two 

 successors, Claudius and Nero, was proclaimed, at tlie death of 

 Galba, by the legions he commanded in Lower Germany, in 

 opposition to Otho, whom the Senate and people had elected. He 

 defeated his rival after four battles ; but the people soon tired of 

 his profligacy, and after a reign of about a year they beat him to 

 death. His head was cut off and stuck on a pole, his body 

 being dragged by a hook and thrown into the Tiber, a.d. 69. 

 (Fig. 2, Plate L) 



TITVS FLAVIVS VESPASIAN. Bust looking right; 



