1 68 ON RAINS CAVE, I.ONGCLIFFE, DERBYSHIRE. 



here given.* The face is complete except for all the front teeth, 

 which fell out of their sockets after death. The calvaria 

 also is complete, except for a large portion of the left temporal. 

 The lower jaw, too, is missing, unless some of the numerous 

 fragments of jaws pertain to it ; none of the perfect specimens 

 being large enough. The right parietal and occipital are in a 

 broken condition. 



This skull is rather thin The inner surface is slightly glossy. 

 The sutures are open in both tables : the sagittal and lamdoidal 

 are intricate. In general contour, the calvaria is dolichocephalic, 

 that is, in type, rather than actuality, the unusual development of 

 the parietal eminences very materially increasing the breadth, and 

 thus making the cephalic index an unfair criterion. The 

 development and forwardness of these eminences give a 

 somewhat double wedge shape to the horizontal outline. In the 

 side view, the forehead is seen to be moderately full ; the 

 superciliary ridges (which are well defined, and tend to be 

 confluent) and the frontal eminences, not strongly marked ; the 

 rear slope, gradual ; and the occipital squama, protuberant. In 

 the rear and front views, there is a well marked sagittal carination. 

 The sides are vertical, and the points of greatest breadth are low 

 down and almost vertically above the mastoid processes. All 

 these features, together with the small amount of wear exhibited 

 on the teeth, indicate that the owner died in the early part of 

 middle life, that is at an age not far removed from thirty-five, 

 the sex being probably male. 



Four perfect lower jaws and many fragments of others were 

 found during both excavations. Of these perfect ones, three 

 have a common likeness. In these, the body is not deep, and 

 the alveolar border is almost parallel to its lower surface. The 

 ramus is vertical, short, and broad ; and its coronoid process 

 is but little (not at all in one case) elevated above the level of 

 the condyle, while the sigmoid notch is shallow. In plan, the 

 chin is rather pointed. So far as can be judged from the 



* The Plate has been prepared by the process described on page 131, 

 Vol. XII. 



