500 FREDERIC T. LEWIS 



assumed to develop slowly, since in the early stages they fail to 

 produce branches like the adjacent normal pancreases; and as 

 they are frequently seen to be detached, probably many of them 

 degenerate without becoming functional glands. 



Taken as a whole the stomach which Gardiner described is 

 shaped like a retort. It has a globular cardiac end, 7 to 8 cm. in 

 diameter; 'a constriction about its middle;' and a tubular pyloric 

 portion, 3 to 4 cm. in diameter. If the cardiac half of the stomach 

 shown in figure 7 should be pressed down, so that the lesser curva- 

 ture became horizontal and the pars pylorica seemed to leave the 

 upper portion of the corpus, then the form shown in Gardiner's 

 case would be duplicated. Although Gardiner describes his case 

 as an hour-glass stomach, it should not be classed with those 

 which are due to muscular contraction. It is an arrest of develop- 

 ment, in which the pars pylorica remains clearly set off from the 

 pars cardiaca, and as in the 19.3-mm. embryo, the line of separa- 

 tion is in the middle of the stomach. 



CONCLUSIONS 



In addition to suggestions in regard to the nomenclature of 

 the stomach, presented in tabular form on p. 490, the following 

 conclusions may be drawn. 



In the stomachs of embryos from 10 to 45 mm. in length, the 

 division into pars cardiaca and pars pylorica is well marked; the 

 latter is relatively long, constituting one-half the length of the 

 stomach. 



The oesophagus in joining the stomach in 10-mm. embryos 

 forms a cone extending to the angular incisure. Later this cone 

 gives rise to the cardiac antrum above, and to a downward pro- 

 longation of the antrum below. This prolongation, which extends 

 along the lesser curvature, constitutes the gastric canal (canalis 

 gastricus). It was found to be well developed in an embryo of 

 44.3 mm. 



The fundus develops during the second month as a conical 

 pouch; its boundary toward the corpus is arbitrary. 



