86 Edwin Chapin Starks. 



Three bony basibrancliials are present; that of the fourth arch is 

 cartilaginous. The second and third arches join the third basi- 

 branchial, the first arch joins the second, and the first basibranchial 

 is wholly in front of the arches, and projects forward under the 

 glossohyal. As usual there is no hypobranchial to the fourth arch. 

 The inferior pharyngeals are wide and are thickly covered with long 

 brush-like teeth. There are four superior pharyngeals present on 

 each side. The third and fourth together form a single elongate 

 plate though they are not anchylosed to each other. The second is 

 small and narrow and lies beside the anterior part of the third rather 

 than in front of it. • The first is as usual toothless ; the others are 

 covered with teeth similar to those on the lower pharyngeal, but 

 smaller. 



The clavicle is a long evenly curved bone with a broad wing pro- 

 jecting backward over the pectoral for the support of the postclavicle. 

 The hypercoracoid foramen is large and just below the center of 

 the bone. The hypocoracoid is long and slender and arches away 

 from the clavicle to rejoin it again a considerable distance above its 

 point. From the upper edge of the hypocoracoid a wing is developed 

 backwards to the tip of the lower actinost. The four actinosts are 

 broad and short with a small pore between each pair ; the third one 

 from the top is supported equally by the coracoid elements. The 

 postclavicle is in two parts, the upper broad and thin, the lower broad 

 above but tapering to a long point downward. A short wide supra- 

 clavicle is present. The posttemporal is forked ; the upper limb lies 

 broadly over the epiotic extending slightly onto the supraoccipital ; 

 the lower limb is attached to the posterior edge of the opisthotic as 

 in the majority of fishes. 



The pelvic girdle is rather complex in shape, consisting of a thin 

 horizontal plate, which meets its fellow of the opposite side at the 

 median line. From the horizontal plate is developed downward 

 a subvertical plate. From the union of the opposite sides of the girdle 

 a pair of long thin processes are developed forward, and a pair of 

 spine-like processes are developed backward between and above the 

 ventral fins. 



There are 15 abdominal vertebrae, and 15 caudal vertebrae, or a 



