452 WILLIAM M. GOLDSMITH 
progress of the division of the chromosomes. For example, 
many cases were found in which certain chromosomes would 
bear a marked resemblance to others, but as the division pro- 
gressed, the characteristic shape would be assumed. This con- 
dition caused the various spindles to present, seemingly, a 
great variety of chromosomes. A study of the metaphase 
plate yields little results, as the number and shape of the visible 
‘chromosomes depend entirely upon the point of cross-section and 
the stage of development. The drawn-out chromosomes of late 
anaphase soon break and form the irregular chromatic masses of 
the early telophase (figs. 44 and 45). In late telophase (fig. 46) 
the spindle usually condenses and gives rise to a faint midbody. 
B. The double odd-chromosome 
The double odd-chromosome cannot be recognized in prophase 
on account of the confused condition of the autosomes; in later 
phases, however, it is very conspicuous (figs. 36, 39; 41, 42, and 43) 
and is surrounded by a clear area, leaving it seemingly free from 
spindle attachments (fig. 42). Its disposition is, therefore, left 
to the law of chance, and thus the body may appear at any 
point on the spindle. In metaphase it usually appears eccentric 
and in advance of the other chromosomes. On account of its 
position, it may be separated from the other chromosomes either 
by cutting the spindle crosswise or sagittally. This, no doubt, 
accounts for the fact that many of these bodies are found seem- 
ingly free in the cytoplasm, while innumerable spindles are 
found which seem to lack them (figs. 32 and 38). 
Under ordinary staining conditions, the double odd-chromo- 
some appears as a spherical chromosome attempting an unequal 
division, but when more stain is extracted, the bivalent nature 
becomes more apparent. This is especially true in the anaphase 
stages, when the body appears as a large flattened and a small 
spherical chromosome stuck together by achromatic material. 
The larger part of the element frequently shows an invagination 
in the central region opposite the point of attachment of the 
small member (figs. 39 and 41), which gives it the appearance of 
a small single and a large double chromosome. It was, no 
