656 TOKUYASU KUDO 
of the porus acusticus externus. The data secured from this are 
as follows: 
Japanese (Kudo) 50.9 (44 to 66) mm. 
Chinese (Kudo) right 48, 40, 50; left 50, 47, 55 mm. 
European (Kudo) right 50, 51; left 53, 55, 51, 54 mm. 
European (Chudzinsk1) average 47 mm. 
Negro (Chudzinski) 40.3 (33 to 46) mm. 
The relation of the zygomaticus in the region of insertion 
affords great interest. A short distance from its insertion into 
the lip it is penetrated by the caninus, so that at its end it is split 
into a superficial and a basal layer (figs. 1, 4, 5, and 7). Such 
a condition was found three times in the Japanese, only once in 
the Chinese and Europeans. An insertion, with the superficial 
layer the stronger, has been found in three Japanese and one 
Chinese; one with a weaker superficial layer in three Japanese. 
The superficial layer may be lacking; the muscle end crowds its 
way likewise deeply toward the buccalis (in a Japanese, a Chinese, 
and a European, fig. 8). The absence of the deeper portion has 
has been established in three Japanese and one European heads. 
However, the muscle is always penetrated more or less by the 
caninus. 
A well-isolated zygomaticus is very rare in the Japanese, just 
as in the Chinese. The following table concerning this may be 
instructive: 
JAPANESE (KUDO) NEGRO (LOTH) EUROPEAN (KUDO) CHINESE (KUDO) 
15 half faces 45 individuals 5 half faces 3 half faces 
4 (26.7 per cent) | 11 (23 per cent) 1 0 
Loth believes that the fusion of the muscle with the contig- 
uous structures takes place only exceptionally in Europeans. 
M. orbicularis oculi (figs. 1 to 6 and 8) 
This muscle consistently shows a moderately strong devel- 
opment in the Mongolians. It forms a powerful broad ring 
around the eye. In stating the strength of the muscle, up till 
