FACIAL MUSCULATURE OF THE JAPANESE 665 
I have found the first type seven times in the Japanese (on an 
average, the greatest length is 23.7 (11 to 32) mm.; greatest 
breadth is 10.6 (4 to 18) mm.) and once in a Chinese (CII, 
greatest length is 10 mm., greatest breadth is 4mm.) In Euro- 
peans Schulze describes eighteen cases in twenty-five individuals, 
Macalister seven in thirty individuals (23.3 per cent); but the 
conclusions of the latter have not been recognized by Knott and 
Le Double. The second type is rarer than the first; I found it 
three times in the Japanese, in one Chinese, and in one European. 
In a Japanese (JVI) the transversus fibers, which probably 
belong to the first type, course along the posterior margin of the 
linea nuchae suprema ventromedial; at times tendinous platysma 
fibers are demonstrable, which show no connection with the 
platysma. 
The relative frequency of the muscle in both types is about as 
follows: 
EUROPEAN 
JAPANESE (KUDO) CHINESE (KUDO) (LE DOUBLE, ETC.) (CHUDZINSKI, ETC.1) 
14 3 89 24 individuals 
7 (50%) 1 33 (386.7%)? 14 (58%) 
1 Chudzinski, Turner, Hartmann, Papowsky, Eggeling, Loth. 
2 LeDouble, Macalister, Schulze. 
According to the number of half heads: 
JAPANESE (KUDO) CHINESE (KUDO) (LE POSE A aie) lonuinamaee. ETC.) 
14 half faces 3 half faces 118 half faces 34 half faces 
7 (50%) iL 48 (40.7%) 19 (56%) 
From this it is evident that, based on per cent, there is a rad- 
ical difference between the colored and white peoples. 
M. auricularis posterior (figs. 1, 2, and 4 to 8) 
This muscle is rather well developed in Mongolians and occurs 
in all of my material. Entire absence of this muscle is very rare 
in Europeans (Macalister, Le Double). The insertion on the 
