No. I.] TRITUBERCULAR MOLAR. 17 
Neolithic Man. 
Through the kindness of Mr. Thomas Wilson, honorary 
Curator of the Department of Prehistoric Anthropology in the 
United States National Museum, I have had the opportunity 
of examining a number of dentitions of men of the Neolithic 
period of France. The best preserved of these includes both 
series in place in both jaws, the last two inferior molars of one 
side and the last inferior of one side being absent. This man 
was disinterred from a cemetery on the island of Thinic, on the 
coast of Brittany. Teeth of a considerable number of men, in 
a separate condition, were obtained by Mr. Wilson from the 
dolmen of Poulzongue, near the town of Gramat, in the depart- 
ment of Lot, Central France, and have also been examined 
by me. 
Ai) 3, 
445 
The second superior molar is a perfect quadritubercular, while 
the third is an equally perfect tritubercular, of somewhat 
reduced size. This dentition is, then, exactly intermediate 
between extremes. It is further advanced than that of the 
lowest existing races, but has not reached the final modification 
of the most specialized. The dental characters of the men of 
Poulzongue vary between the type of the man of Thinic and 
43 3, 
444 
molar plainly tritubercular, and perhaps as many have the 
fourth tubercle imperfectly developed. But no indication of a 
tritubercular first superior molar is observed, such as occurs in 
a few Esquimaux. The resemblance of perhaps half of the 
superior molars of Poulzongue to those of Esquimaux and 
the more specialized Indo-Europeans is distinct. Pointing in 
the direction of the latter, are the small size of the teeth and the 
frequent occurrence of caries. 
The dental tubercular formula of the man of Thinic is 
the formula Several of them have the second superior 
The Accessory Anterior Internal Tubercle. 
This tubercle is characteristic of the genus Lemur (Fig. 11) 
and some of its extinct allies. Such are the Chriacus pelvidens 
and C. truncatus Cope, the former figured in Tertiary Vertebrata 
(Report U. S.-Geol. Survey Terrs. III), Vol. XXIII, d, Fig. 7. 
