13 COPE. [Vot. Il. 
I have found it well developed in the Malay (Fig. 2, aaz), No. 
1339. It is present in three Tahitian crania in my collection, 
and I have observed it in another Micronesian cranium, and 
in some others. This character is decidedly lemurine, but 
whether to be properly termed a reversion or not may be ques- 
tioned in view of the fact that it always occurs, so far as yet 
known, in dentitions most remote from that type in other 
respects. It might be rather regarded as a survival or as a 
character which has persisted from the “‘ protanthropos”’ which 
was itself immediately derived from lemurine ancestors. 
Anomalous dentitions. 
I have observed the following examples of aberrant molars. In 
an Esquimaux (A. M. M.) the formula of the superior molars of 
one size is 3—4—0; in another (B. S.) it is 3—-3—4. Ina 
French skull (A. M. M.) we observe on one side 4—4—3; on 
the other side, 33—3—33. The posterior superior molar is, by 
reason of its late and retarded development, the most liable 
to exhibit abnormalities. Ina Tahitian skull in my collection, 
it is tritubercular on one side and obtusely haplodont (conic) 
on the other. 
General Conclusions. 
For clearer understanding of these characters, they are 
arranged in the form of a table. Only the principal races are 
represented, and hybrids, when determinable, are omitted. 
The characters of the superior molar teeth only are referred to. 
These are classified under four heads, viz.: first, tubercles 
4—4—4); second, tubercles 4—4—34 or 4—34—34; third, 
tubercles 4—34—3; fourth, tubercles 4—3—3. As already 
remarked, the extreme types of the series give the most precise 
‘indications of race, while the intermediate conditions have a 
various range. 
In the first table the most obvious results are, that only the 
three lowest races present four tubercles on all the superior 
molars, and that of those with tritubercular second and third 
molars, Europeans and their American descendants greatly 
predominate. Also that of uncivilized races, the Malays and 
1 Mulattoes, Mestizoes, Half-breed Indians, Gipsies, etc., are omitted. 
