192 WILSON. [VoL. II. 
lute alcohol gave the most satisfactory results. I take this 
opportunity of thanking Professor Brooks, the director of the 
Marine Laboratory, for his advice and constant suggestions, which 
have been of the greatest value to me during the course of this 
work, both at the seaside and in the Baltimore laboratory. I 
am also indebted to Mr. C. S. Hodge, of this laboratory, who 
very kindly took upon himself a part of the task of cutting the 
sections. 
J. SysTEMATIC DESCRIPTION OF MANICINA. 
Milne Edwards makes Manicina the sixty-fourth genus in the 
family Astreide. Like Meandrina, this coral grows by incom- 
plete fission, the calicles remaining connected so as to form 
meandering valleys, in which the limits of a calicle are not dis- 
tinguishable. The shape of the colony ordinarily met with is 
subturbinate (see figures on Plate I), there being a well-marked 
pedicel. With increasing age the pedicel becomes less and less 
evident, until the corallum finally assumes the shape of a convex 
mass with a flat basal surface. The basal surface has two diam- 
eters, the longer about three inches, the shorter two inches, and » 
the vertical height of the corallum is about equal to the shorter 
diameter. The distinguishing features of the genus, besides its 
growth from a pedicel, are as follows: The columella is spongy 
and very well developed. The septa are thin, closely set, and 
have strongly marked granulations on their sides. The edges 
of the septa, both within and over the exterior of the calicles 
(costze), are finely and regularly toothed. “The genus was in- 
stituted by Ehrenberg for certain of Lamarck’s Meandrinez, 
characterized by growing from a pedicel or central point of 
attachment”’ (Dana). In the species Manicina areolata, the 
septa can be divided into three cycles, and each septum has in 
the neighborhood of the columella a large and rounded lobe.’ 
The animal is of a brownish color, and when expanded, extends 
high above the skeleton. In this condition the tentacles are 
moderately long, and are closely set round the periphery of the 
oral surface. Inthe pedunculate forms, both in the expanded and 
contracted condition of the animal, the upper part of the lateral 
surface of the skeleton is covered by the polyp. The pedicel, 
