306 COPE. 
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XXII. 
The relations of the quadrate, stapedial, and hyoid apparatus. In Figs. f, 3, 9, 
14, 15, and 76, the squamosal bone has been removed. 
Figures twice natural size, excepting I, 3, 4, 7, and 8, which are natural size, and 
10, II, and 12, which are three times natural size. 
Fic. 1. Mecturus maculatus ; squamosal removed. 
Fic. 2. Proteus anguinus. 
Fic. 3. Cryptobranchus allegheniensis; the middle of the squamosal removed, 
the extremities remaining. 
Fic. 4. Amphiuma means; a, from behind. 
Fic. 5. Zyphlonectes compressicaudus; from the Belize. 
Fic. 6. Dermophis mexicanus; with the quadrate bone turned up, exposing its 
inferior face, and that of the quadrato jugal; 4a, the same with the quadrate in 
normal position. From Mexico. 
Fic. 7. Chondrotus tenebrosus ; larva 250 mm. 
Fic. 8. Chondrotus tenebrosus; adult. 
Fic. 9. Amblystoma tigrinum,; \arva; squamosal removed. 
Fic. 10. Amblystoma punctatum; adult. 
Fic. 11. Hemidactylium scutatum. 
Fic. 12. Batrachoseps attenuatus. 
Fic. 13. Gyrinophilus porphyriticus. 
Fic. 14. Plethodon glutinosus ; squamosal removed. 
Fic. 15. Autodax lugubris; squamosal removed. 
Fic. 16, Spelerpes ruber ; squamosal removed. 
