588 WHITMAN. [Vou. II. 
organs, as I shall be able to show very clearly in C. chelydre 
and in a Japanese species. They do not therefore represent 
one somite, as supposed by Mr. Apathy, but merely the ventral 
organs of as many somites as belong to the cephalic lobe. Their 
dorsal counterparts have preserved their segmental arrangement. 
If any dorsal organs are represented in these labial organs, the 
development ought to show it. I once thought I had found 
some evidence of this nature, but I have since followed the 
history of these organs farther, and find reason to modify my 
view. 
7. Systematists have usually concluded that where no eyes 
could be recognized by surface examination, none were present. 
My experience leads me to suspect that most of our reputed 
blind leeches will yet be made to bear testimony to the blind- 
ness of their observers. To all outward appearance, Branchel- 
liopsis (gen. nov.), a Japanese marine leech, has no eyes. I 
made a careful examination of the head, first in a fresh and 
then in a hardened state, and finally by sections, but found 
no eyes. Returning to the study of this leech recently, after 
having learned in what the eye of a leech consists, I suc- 
ceeded in finding at least two pairs of eyes. These eyes have 
so little pigment that they cannot be seen from the surface; 
and any one in search of pigment-spots would find little in sec- 
tions to arrest the eye. The visual cells, however, are there ; 
and their form and relation to a thin, open background of pig- 
ment would, on close examination, entitle them to rank as eyes 
in the ordinary acceptation of that term as applied to leeches. 
In form they remind one of the eyes of Pzsczco/a,; in structure, 
the eyes of Clepsine,; and in position, the eyes of Wephelts. 
They are in fact so little removed in general make-up and 
appearance from the ordinary segmental sense-organ, that I 
had to examine sections made in the three principal planes 
before fully satisfying myself that they would pass as veritable 
leech eyes. 
8. Piscicolaria (gen. nov.), a parasite of fishes in the smaller 
lakes of Wisconsin, about the size of Pzsczcola, and intermediate 
in form and structure between Piscicola and Branchelliopsis, 
* comes nearer to being blind than any other leech I have yet 
examined. The only evidence of an eye is a single large 
visual cell, on either side of the head, without a trace of a pig- 
