THE MEIOTIC PHENOMENA IN BLAPS 99 
In the complexes of Hesperotettix and Mermiria (McClung, 
05, 717), which may be considered as the type of their class, the 
euchromosomes which are linked with the sex chromosome be- 
have in a normal way, namely, they appear in the prophase, 
forming a tetrad which suggests a parasynaptie association in 
earlier stages. The same is true in the case of some specimens of 
Chorthippus curtipennis (Robertson, 716) and also in Gryllo- 
talpa vulgaris (Voinoy, ’14) judging from the figures given by 
this author. 
In Hesperotettix and Mermiria the linkage of the X-chromo- 
some with one euchromosome can be detected already in the 
spermatogonia, a condition most likely to be found in Leptynia 
(De Sinéty, ’01), judging from the even number of chromosomes 
represented in the figure given by this author. The same rela- 
tions are also present in Anopheles (Stevens, 710, under Culex; 
11) in which an XY pair of sex chromosomes occurs, and still 
more conspicuously in Ascaris megalocephala (Edwards, 710; 
Frolowa, 712), although in the latter the sex chromosome may 
occasionally be free (Boring, ’09), a condition also found in some 
individuals in both Hesperotettix and Mermiria. 
Since three V-shaped chromosomes exist also in Blaps, I have 
not overlooked the possibility of a similar linkage. Unfortu- 
nately, the most impartial and careful study of my slides fails to 
show any trace of linkage whatsoever; neither bre&ks in outline 
nor differences of structure or staining capacity in the limbs of the 
V-shaped chromosomes can be detected in this species. The as- 
sumption of a linkage of a sex chromosome with an euchromo- 
some, instead of explaining satisfactorily the question at issue, 
would render it still more complicated in view of the odd number 
of chromosomes involved and the failure of parasynapsis. It 
seems plain that the continuity of the three large spermatogonial 
chromosomes with the large massive bodies of the anaphase of 
the first maturation division is a fact beyond any doubt. 
There is still another pomt which deserves special attention, 
and is by no means explicable at present. This is the distribu- 
tion of the small chromosomes among the secondary spermato- 
cytes, which gives rise to cells with eighteen and seventeen 
