CHONDROCRANIUM OF EUMECES 1U7éS4 
Gaupp’s later usage (05b). The epipterygoid has also fre- 
quently been known by the very unsatisfactory Cuvierian name, 
‘columella’ or ‘columella cranii,’ all too easily confused with the 
‘columella auris.’ 
The basipterygoid process (fig. 2, pr.b-pt.) arises from the 
anterior margin of the basal plate, just lateral to the trabecula 
(fig. 21, pr.b-pt. and trab.). Its form is that of a very oblique 
capital T, with cylindrical stem and horizontally flattened cross 
bar. The stems of the two processes extend laterally as well as 
anteriorly, diverging strongly from one another; the cross bars 
lie almost parallel in an anteroposterior direction. The distal 
portion of the processus basipterygoideus comes into close rela- 
tion with the pterygoid bone (fig. 2), articulating with it by 
means of an interpolated dise of cartilage, the cartilago articu- 
laris or meniscus pterygoideus (figs. 1, 3, and 22, c.art.). The 
epipterygoid (fig. 3, epipt.) is a slender rod of cartilage with its 
enlarged lower end or foot (fig. 21, epipt.) resting in a well- 
marked dorsolateral groove in the pterygoid bone (os pt.) Just 
opposite the posterior end of the cross bar of the basipterygoid 
process (pr.b-pt.) and slightly posterior to the articular cartilage. 
From this point the rod extends obliquely upward, backward, 
and outward to terminate just above the anterior ampullar prom- 
inence of the otic capsule. Just in front of the foot of the epi- 
pterygoid, and also in a dorsolateral groove of the pterygoid bone, 
lies another much smaller cartilaginous rod, the processus ptery- 
goideus quadrati (figs. 1, 3, 22, and 23, pr.pt.). 
The much longer processus pterygoideus of Lacerta is de- 
scribed as showing a sudden lateral bend near its anterior end. 
In Eumeces the rod is nearly straight; but a little in front of it, 
and decidedly lateral, there is a curious little nodule of cartilage 
(figs. 1, 2, and 3, pr.pt’.), by no means constant in its occurrence. 
In stage 5 it is present on each side; in stage 6 it is more strongly 
developed on one side and lacking on the other; in stage 4 and 
earlier stages I am unable to distinguish it. From its position, 
especially in stage 6, and its association with the lateral anterior 
arm of the Y-shaped pterygoid bone (fig. 24, pr.pt’. and os.pt.), 
it can hardly be questioned that this nodule represents the rudi- 
