204 EDWARD L. RICE’ 
angular plate of cartilage (hy.cor.), whose anterior angle is drawn 
out into a long and slender cylindrical rod, the processus ento- 
glossus or processus lingualis (pr.lin.). The latter name is to be 
preferred, as emphasizing the homology of this structure in the 
lizards with the processus lingualis of the turtles and not the 
independent ‘entoglossum’ described by Gaupp (?05b) and 
Bender (712). There is no suggestion in Eumeces of the paired 
origin of the processus lingualis noted in Emys by Fuchs (707 b) 
and Kunkel (712 b). The body of the hyoid is located a little 
below the plane of the lower jaw; the processus lingualis termi- 
nates slightly above this plane. From each posterolateral corner 
of the body of the hyoid, three rods of cartilage diverge. The 
most anterior of these is the hyoid arch (hy.ar.), the others 
(br.1 and br.2) are homologized with the first and second bran- 
chial arches of the gill-breathing vertebrates. The hyoid arch 
extends forward for a short distance; then, doubling upon itself in 
an acute angle, it stretches backward, outward, and upward, to 
terminate in close proximity to the insertion plate of the colu- 
mella auris, with which it is continuous in earlier stages. The 
first branchial arch follows a course approximately parallel to 
that of the recurved portion of the hyoid arch and terminates 
slightly posterior and ventral to its termination. The second 
branchial arch is short; it extends backward in the plane of the 
body of the hyoid. 
In addition to these connected structures, a pair of unattached 
cartilages (br.2’) demands mention. Each begins in close prox- 
imity tothe otic capsule, just posterior to the cochlear prominence, 
extends downward just median to the hyoid and first branchial 
arches, and terminates directly in line with the second branchial 
arch, but somewhat posterior to it. A similar isolated fragment 
in Lacerta is interpreted by Gaupp (’05 a) as probably belonging 
to the second branchial arch; in one specimen of Lacerta vivipara 
the two are almost in contact. On the other hand, Cope (792), 
who notes the presence of this cartilage in adults of a number 
of species of the Lacertidae, Xantusidae, and Scincidae (including 
Eumeces quinquelineatus), interprets it as a ‘free epibranchial’ 
belonging to the first branchial arch, and Cords (709) reports a 
